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Hazardous Waste Management, rotary-kiln-incinerator-500x500, hazardous…
Hazardous Waste Management
Characteristic of hazardous waste
Ignitability
Corrosivity
Reactivity
Toxicity
Treatment and Disposal
Oxidation and reduction
Involve changing the oxidation state of some of the waste constituents
Reduce the toxicity of the waste or to convert it to a chemical form more suitable for subsequent processing.
The most common applications are the oxidation of Cyanides and the reduction of hexavalent Chromium.
The product of the oxidation/reduction process is a solution for further processing.
Precipitation/Neutralisation
The product of neutralisation/ precipitation is a sludge, often with high salt content, generally further processed by dewatering and sometimes by stabilisation, before landfill.
Neutralization removes most toxic metals from solution by precipitating them as hydroxides/oxides.
Neutralisation is the adjustment of the pH of the liquid waste or sludge waste.
Dewatering
Dewatering process may include settling and/or filtration.
The products of dewatering are filtrate/effluent for wastewater treatment and thickened sludge / filtercake for final disposal. Unstabalised filter cake will generally still be regarded as a hazardous waste.
Stabilisation/Solidification
Mixing of the waste with additives which form inorganic "polymer" which prevents leaching of toxic constituents.
Process metal hydroxide/oxide/sulphide sludge and filtercake to give a waste which regarded as non-hazardous for simple final disposal.
Shredding/Maceration
Shredding is mechanical process used to break apart monolithic solids or articles prior to further processing or to reduce particle size of solid sludge to increase surface area for reaction or enable to improved combustion..
Maceration is a mechanical process to reduce particle size of solid waste which often utilized to enable heavy sludge to be pump more easily for incineration process.
Blending
To generate waste with optimum specification for processing, for incineration case.
Incineration
The most common thermal treatment process used for hazardous wastes.
The most common incineration technologies are rotary kiln, static hearth kiln and liquid injection kiln.
These are “primary” combustion chambers and incinerators often have secondary combustion chambers to ensure complete combustion of products gases and fly ash.
Landfill
Landfills receiving hazardous wastes must be designated as “hazardous waste” landfills.
Destruction
Useful solvents can be recovers from waste solvent by distillation. Oily waste are spread onto soil. Addition of inorganic fertilizer followed by breakdown of the waste naturally occuring soil microorganism ensure that the potential hazard are destroyed.
Reuse
Useful solvents can be recovers from waste solvent by distillation
Defination
A waste with properties that make it dangerous or capable of having a harmful effect on human health or the environment.
Generated
Ranging from the industrial manufacturing process waste to batteries and may come in many forms, including liquids, solid gases and sludges.
Idenfication process
Determining if a material is a solid waste.
Process examined whether or not the waste is specifically excluded from regulation as a solid or hazardous.
Investigate whether or not the waste is a listed or characteristics hazardous waste.
Note that some facilities petitioned EPA to delist their wastes from RCRS Subtitle C regulation.
Malaysia
The manufacturing sector in Malaysia was the first identified generators of toxic and hazardous waste,
Legislation and policy
Environment Quality(prescribed activites)(environmental impact assessment) Order 1987.
Environmental Quality (Prescribed Conveyance) (Scheduled wastes) Order 2005.
Environmental Quality (prescribed premises)(scheduled wastes treatment and disposal facilities) (Amendment) Order 2005.
Environmental Quality (Prescribed premises)(Scheduled wastes treatment and disposal facilities) Regulations, 1989
Provision in Section 34B, Environmental Quality Act
1974
Technologies
Incineration Plant using rotary kiln with primary and secondary chambers taht operating at 1000 degree celcius eo ensure highest possible destruction efficiency followed by heat recovery system and finally an extensive multistage flue gas treatment system.
Using stabalisation adn solidification process to manage ash that mixed up the slurry by mixing sand, cement,ash and water through controlled low-strength system (CLSM).
Physical and Chemical Treatment Plant to handle all types of inorganic liquid wastes.
The current technology is the AMS-serial 250-Ecosteryl which is the microwave disinfection system. It has zero emission system and has no harmful effects. It does not involve combustion and does not produce water, steam , odour and smoke,
