Periapical Granuloma:
-Etiology: First stage of inflammatory process caused by trauma, injury to pulp through dental procedures, caries, periodontal disease that has affected root area severely, or fractures to the tooth.
-Method of Transmission: N/A
-Characteristics: Seen as a round or ovoid translucent lesion. Size may vary from several millimeters to larger, more advanced lesions taking in larger areas. Most of the time the patient will complain of sensitivity or pain until the tooth becomes completely nonvital.
-Dental Implications: Vitality testing is crucial. If nonvital, endodontic treatment is needed.
-Treatment/Prognosis: Extraction of nonvital tooth or endodontic treatment is usual procedure. Antibiotic coverage may be needed. Prognosis is good is granuloma is fully removed.