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CHAPTER 7: CONVERSATIONAL MESSAGES - Coggle Diagram
CHAPTER 7: CONVERSATIONAL MESSAGES
THE CONVERSATION PROCESS/ PRINCIPLE OF CONVERSATION.
:warning:
OPENING
Start with greeting
Phatic Communication: Message between two in opening the channels of interaction
Can be verbal or non-verbal
FEEDFORWARD
Give a general idea of the conversation focus.
May identify the tone or time required in the conversation
FEEDFORWARD FUNCTION
To open the channel of the communication - To tell whether the person willing to communicate
To preview the messages
To preview the content of the message
The importance
The form or style
The positive or negative quality of subsequent messages
To disclaim - Statement that aims to ensure that your message will be understood
To altercast - Statement that aims to ensure that your message will be understood
BUSINESS
Focus of your conversation
To fulfill the general purposes of interpersonal communication
FEEDBACK
The reverse of the second step
To signal as far as you concern
CLOSING
Revels how satisfied the person were with the conversation.
DEFINITION CONVERSATION
Relatively informal social interaction in which the role of speaker and hearer are exchanged in a nonautomatic fashion under the collaborative management of all parties.
CONVERSATIONAL MANAGEMENT :<3:
INITIATING CONVERSATION
Self-references
Say something about yourself
E.g. Name, Rank, and Serial Number
Other-references
Say something about the other person or ask question
E.g. ‘Didn’t we meet at OldTown Kopitiam’?
Relational references - say something about the two of you - E.g. 'May i buy you a drink?'
Context references - say something about physical, social-psychological, cultural, temporal. - E.g. 'Do you have time?'
MAITAINING CONVERSATION :pencil2:**
The principle of coorperation :warning:
The maxim of quality :pen:
say what you know or assume to be true :check:
do not say what you know to be false :red_cross:
The maxim of quantity :pen:
Include information that the meaning clear
Give neither too little nor too much information
The simple maxim is in email communication
The maxim of relation : :pen:
Talk about what is the relevant to the conversation
The maxim of manner :pen:
use term that listener will understands and clarify terms that you suspect the listener will not understand
The principle of dialogue :warning:
Monologue :!:
Communication in which person speaks and the other listens
There is no real interaction among participants
You speak without any real concern for the other person’s feeling or attitudes
Dialogue : :!:
There is two-way interaction
Concern for the other person and the relationship between two people
Mutual understanding and empathy
Principle of turn talking : :warning:
Speaker cues
Turn-maintaining cues
Help you maintain the speaker’s role
Avoiding eye contact with the listener so there’s no indication that you’re passing the speaking turn to him or her
Turn-yielding cues
Tell the listener that you’re finished and wish to exchange the role of speaker for that of listener
E.g. You indicate that you’ve finished speaking by asking some general question
Listener cues
Turn-requesting cues
Let the speaker that you’d like to take a turn as a speaker
E.g. I’d like to say something
Turn-denying cues
other ways to refuse a turn are to avoid eye contact with the speaker
CLOSING CONVERSATION
:no_entry:
Reflect back on the conversation and briefly summarize it so as to bring it to a close
Directly state the desire to end the conversation and to get on with other things
Refer to future interaction
Ask for closure
State that you enjoyed the interaction