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MAYER'S 12 PRINCIPLES Multimedia Learning - Coggle Diagram
MAYER'S 12 PRINCIPLES
Multimedia Learning
5 PRINCIPLES
focused on reducing extraneous processing & remove unwanted things
Redundancy
do not put written text
only put spoken words & images
Spatial Contiguity
students learn best when related words and pictures shown close and not far from each other
students do not need to use cognitive resources to visually scan screen
learners are more likely to be able to retain all of them in working memory at once
Signaling
written text with keywords are highlighted
Temporal Contiguity
students learn better when presenting the corresponding words and pictures simultaneously, rather than successively
learners will have a greater chance of building mental connections between verbal and visual representations
Coherence
only put relevant text & images
3 PRINCIPLES
focused on managing essential processing & what needs to be learned
Segmenting
do not put long segment
chunk segments for better understanding
Pre-training
introduce names, key concept & characteristics of main concept
Modality
words should be heard as narrative rather than description
4 PRINCIPLES
focused on fostering generative processing & help learner to organize & integrate material in working memory
Multimedia
learner learns better with spoken words & images
Personalisation
make it be more conversational
add some stories to make it interesting
Voice
do not use robot voice
Image
do not put your face
spoken words & images only