Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Networking - Coggle Diagram
Networking
Type of networks
LAN: It connects network devices over a relatively short distance. It is typically owned, controlled, and managed by a single person or organization. It also tends to use certain connectivity technologies, primarily Ethernet and Token Ring.
WLAN: It provides wireless network communication over short distances using radio or infrared signals instead of traditional network cabling. It is a type of local area network.
PAN: It is a computer network organized around an individual person. It can be used to transfer files including email and calendar appointments, digital photos, and music. It can also be viewed as a special type of local area network that supports one person instead of a group.
WAN: It spans a large physical distance. It is a geographically-dispersed collection of LANs. Most of them are not owned by any one organization but rather exist under collective or distributed ownership and management.
SAN: It refers to storage area networking but can also refer to system area networking. It is a type of local area network designed to handle large data transfers and bulk storage of digital information.
VLAN (VPN): It is a description/diagram of how computers can be laid out and connected.
Types of connection
Optical fiber: is a flexible, transparent fiber made by drawing glass (silica) or plastic to a diameter slightly thicker than that of a human hair. Optical fibers are used most often as a means to transmit light[a] between the two ends of the fiber and find wide usage in fiber-optic communications, where they permit transmission over longer distances and at higher bandwidths (data transfer rates) than electrical cables.
Cable: Alternatively referred to as a cord, connector, or plug, a cable is one or more wires covered in plastic that transmits power or data between devices or location
Wifi: Wi-Fi is the name of a wireless networking technology that uses radio waves to provide wireless high-speed Internet and network connections
WiMAX, short for Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access, is a wireless microwave MAN technology that provides up to 1 Gbit/s as far as 30 miles away. Alternatively referred to as IEEE 802.16, WiMAX is similar to Wi-Fi technology, except that it can provide much higher data transfer rates. This causes some people to call it "Wi-Fi on steroids."
Bluetooth is a wireless technology standard used for exchanging data between fixed and mobile devices over short distances using short-wavelength UHF radio waves in the industrial, scientific and medical radio bands, from 2.402 GHz to 2.480 GHz, and building personal area networks (PANs).
Network policies
A ***backup policy*** is a pre-defined, set schedule whereby information from business applications such as Oracle, Microsoft SQL, email server databases and user files is copied to disk and/or tape to ensure data recoverability in the event of accidental data deletion, corrupted information or some kind of a system outage.
In Exchange Online, you can use ***archive policies*** to automatically move mailbox items to personal (on-premises) or cloud-based archives. Archive policies are retention tags that use the Move to Archive retention action.
***Disaster recovery policy*** outlines all the processes that must be carried out in the event of a disaster, such as data loss or a manmade error, to ensure that the business is able to perform normally within a short amount of time.
***Usage policy*** is a set of rules applied by the owner, creator or administrator of a network, website, or service, that restrict the ways in which the network, website or system may be used and sets guidelines as to how it should be used.
A*** redundancy policy*** is a document that sets out the procedure to follow within a business when making staff redundant. It details each step of the redundancy process and outlines the statutory entitlements for redundant staff.
Router/Hub/Switch
-
Hub/Switch: These are the ways of connecting multiple devices together on a network using physical wires.
Hubs are cheaper and switches are more advances.
Routing protocols: The internet works on a simple principle which is known as the six degrees of separation. Six Degrees of Kevin Bacon or "Bacon's Law" is a parlour game based on the "six degrees of separation" concept, which posits that any two people on Earth are six or fewer acquaintance links apart. Movie buffs challenge each other to find the shortest path between an arbitrary actor and prolific actor Kevin Bacon. It rests on the assumption that anyone involved in the Hollywood film industry can be linked through their film roles to Bacon within six steps.
Ethernet, P2P
Ethernet is the traditional technology for connecting devices in a wired local area network (LAN) or wide area network (WAN), enabling them to communicate with each other via a protocol. It is used to connect devices in a network and is still a popular form of network connection. For local networks used by specific organizations -- such as company offices, school campuses and hospitals -- Ethernet is used for its high speed, security and reliability.
A peer-to-peer network has clients that have equal status and no central authority or server. It is common for homes and small businesses where a dedicated server is not needed or is too expensive. It works by each computers sharing their files from their hard disk with others.
Syncronous, asyncronous
Syncronous: In Synchronous Transmission, data is sent in form of blocks or frames. This transmission is the full duplex type. Between sender and receiver the synchronization is compulsory. In Synchronous transmission, There is no gap present between data. It is more efficient and more reliable than asynchronous transmission to transfer the large amount of data.
Asyncronous: In Asynchronous Transmission, data is sent in form of byte or character. This transmission is the half duplex type transmission. In this transmission start bits and stop bits are added with data. It does not require synchronization.
Bandwidth, bit rate
Network bandwidth is the capacity of a wired or wireless network communications link to transmit the maximum amount of data from one point to another over a computer network or internet connection in a given amount of time -- usually, one second. Synonymous with capacity, bandwidth describes the data transfer rate.
A bit rate is the number of bits (a bit is a zero or one, and is the basis of all computing) processed in a given amount of time. Higher bit rates provide higher quality at the expense of file size.
CBR(Constant bit rate) maintains a set bit rate throughout the entire video, making it easy to play back and quick to load. This is best used for cloud-based streaming services where the video is constantly being downloaded and is subject to stutter with bit rate spikes.
VBR(Variable bit rate) features a dynamic bit rate that changes depending on the level of detail needed in a given moment. While this is less universally easy to play back, it provides significantly higher video quality than CBR with a much lower file size
Data centers are simply centralized locations where computing and networking equipment is concentrated for the purpose of collecting, storing, processing, distributing or allowing access to large amounts of data.
-
-
Physical security
It is the protection of personnel, hardware, software, networks, and data from physical actions and events that could cause serious loss or damage to an enterprise.
Protocols: It means the set of rules about how to do something. It is needed to communicate fluently on a network. For example, during the live lesson, there is a protocol where all students have to mute their mic when the teacher is talking.