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Piaget's first 2 stages Cognitive Development, By : Bryan, Elizabeth,…
Piaget's first 2 stages Cognitive Development
Sensorimotor Stage (Birth-2 yrs)
Characteristics
3) Develop through experiences such as tasting,smelling,touching and hearing
4) Develop their personal habits from simple reflexes
2) Key milestone: development of a working memory or object permanence (knowing that object is still there even if its hidden)
5) Increased curiosity leads to children to move around more, as such
increase in physical development = increase in cognitive development
1) At this stage, children are egocentric (Inability to distinguish between one's own perspective and someone else's perspective [Santrock, 2014])
Preoperational Stage (2-7 years)
Characteristics
Young children can think about things symbolically but do not yet understand concrete logic.
Young children become increasingly adept at using symbols, as evidenced by the increase in playing and pretending.
Children demonstrate an increased ability to use symbols such as gestures, words, numbers and images to represent real objects in their environment (symbolic or representational thinking).
The major accomplishment in this stage is the ability to represent actions mentally rather than physically
Due to their increased ability to hold and store mental images, toddlers entering the preoperational stage have increased memory (Gonzalez-Mena & Widmeyer Eyer, 2015).
Limitations
Egocentrism
It's the inability to disinguish between one's own perspective and someone else's perspective. (Santrock, 2014)
It's not that children are selfish, it's about them not being able to put themselves in the shoes of other people and feel what other people feel.
Children in this stage often pick their own view rather than the view of other people
For children between two to four years old, they believe that whatever they feel, think and see is what others feel, think and see.
Animism
Object have lifelike qualities and are capable of action (Santrock, 2014)
They are not able to give logical reasoning
All objects, animals and things are living and capable of having feelings, intentions and emotions
By : Bryan, Elizabeth, Stefanie