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The Technocrats in the Government. - Coggle Diagram
The Technocrats in the Government.
the era of the techonartsin Mexico began with the arrival of Miguel de la Madrid to the presidency.
Jose Lopez Portillo's administration left the country mired in a big conomic crisis;this is why it was tought that people who were ṕrepared in economics or public administration would better at rulling the country.
What in fact,is that from 1982 to 2010,including PAN goverments,Mexican technograts drove the neoriberal economic model. At the macroeconomic level,this model worked fone after the economic crisis of 1994; Mexico was able to recover and has remainded stable to date.
Mexico was not as affected as other countries in the latest 2008 crisis,and many countries rerecognize its work on economic stability.
Unfortunately,this same model has also increased social differences and left many Mexicans in extreme poverty,while wealth is increasingly concentraded in a few families or societis.
The Construction Process for Political Alternation
Political alternation did not occur until the year 2000,when the PRI lost the presidential election.
However,the process for this alteration had it orgins in the 1960's,when electoral reform opened political space for the opposition.
This reform allowed the participation of congressmen who belonged to parties other than the one in office.
However true alternation occured when the system changed,from being an hegemonic system (held by the PRI) to a system of political parties,and until the opportunity to have competition among the various political forces was finally given.
Poverty,Urban Expansion and Unemployment
In Mexico,poverty levels gradually increased from 1992 to 2000.This was even worse in rural areas.
This made the cities grow because of the influx of people. Areas of city where the populations moved became risky areas for those who came to populate them.
From 1960 to 1990,the population increased by more than 100%. Mexico went from having 35 to 81 million inhabitants.
Unfortunaly about one third of the population lived in scream poverty;that is around 27 million people who did not have enough income to afford the basic food basquet.
Mexican Culture in the United States
Mexican culture in the United States can be studied from two pointsof view.
The fist focusses on how the Mexican culture has influenced American culture. The second on studying the culture of Mexican inmigrants in the United States.
While Mexican culture has been Americanized in some parts of the United States traits of Mexican culture have be adopted.
On the other hand the identy of Mexican inmigrants in the United States has been forged over the years. In general their behavior is different within the new community from their behavior in their places of origin.
inmigrants have tried to adjust to their new life conditions by transforming their culture.
The Impact of Population Polices and Birth Control
Excessive population growth caused the government to initiate family planning campaigns.In 1974,president Luis Echeverria decreeed a general population law and founded the National Population Council (CONAPO) to supervise the national family planning program.
The population program was aimed at bringing down the population growth rate by reducing the birth date.
To raise awareness,the government created and advertisement campaign instructing that "a small family lived better" and had have "fewer children to give them more".
In addition,family planning programs were disseminated through education and health services
These programs have helped to bring down birth rates. The average number of children per woman went from 6.8 in 1970 to 2.5 1990.