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EXANM 4, Haruka Nakajiama Dafne Romo-Curiel Angelica Calina - Coggle…

- - - - promoter
      - operator
      - operon
        
        activators
      - repressor
      - regulatory gene
  - - - DNA Wound tiwce
    - - Barr body
  - - - enhances
        
        alternative RNA splicing
        
        RNA
        
        small interfering RNAs
        
        RNA interference
        
        microRNAs
  - - - nuclear transplantation
      - reproductive cloning
      - making stem cells
        
        embryonic stem cells
        
        therapeutic cloning
        
        adult stem cell
  - - - proto-oncogenes
- - - - bacteria-eaters
        
        bacteria
        
        transformation
        
        transduction
        
        conjugation
        
        plasmids
        
        F factors
        
        R paasmids
  - - - sugar -phosphate-backbone
      - Thyminre(T)
        
        DNA polymerase
      - cytosine(C)
      - Adenine(A)
      - guanine(g)
    - - DNA repicstion
  - - - ribosomes
    - - Intro
      - extro
    - - anticodon
    - - start codon
        
        AUG
        
        Met
  - - - RNA
        
        translation
        
        protein
        
        polypeptides
        
        Amino acid
        
        triplet code
        
        genetic code
        
        codon recognition
        
        peptide bond formation
        
        1 more item...
        
        in cytoplasm
        
        stop codon
        
        UAA
        
        UAG
        
        UGA
        
        in nucleus
  - - - RNA switch DNA
- - - - DNA technology
        
        treating diseases
        
        diagnosing testing
        
        preventing diseases
        
        vaccine
      - recombinant DNA
      - genetic engineering
      - plasmids
      - DNA cloning
        
        vector or carrier genes
        
        the DNA from another
        
        treats plasmids and the gene
        
        the source DNA
        
        the DNA ligase
        
        the cut DNA from both source
        
        the plasmid containing the target gene
        
        clone of call
        
        gene cloning
        
        gene cloning can be used for two basic purpose
      - Enzymes are used to cut and paste for DNA
        
        restriction enzymes
        
        restriction size
        
        restriction fragment
      - Nucleic acid probes
        
        being able to label specific DNA segment
      - reverse transcriptase
        
        being able to make genes for cloning
        
        complementary DNA
      - gene therapy
        
        alteration of diseases individual's genes for therapeutic purpose
      - forensics
        
        DNA forensis
    - - transgenic organism
    - - PRC method
        
        polymerase chain reaction(PCR)
        
        perimers
    - - DNA molecules by size
    - - repetitive DNA
      - short tandem repeat (STR)
      - STR analysis
      - bioinformatics
    - - the study of complete sets of genes