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6 Lexicology - Coggle Diagram
6 Lexicology
Structural Properties of English Vocabulary
Dissociation
lack of formal coherence of semantically related words
ex
city - urban
end - final
queen - royal
calf - veal
homophony & homonymy
ex
air - heir
plain - plane
cell - sell
Synonymy
ex
freedom - liberty
big - great -large -tall
masculine - virile
Complex lexical items
collocations
ex
come to an end
keep a promise
pay a compliment
phrasal/prepositional verbs
ex
turn up
look for
light verb constructions
ex
give a call
have a look
take a break
idioms
ex
a bad apple
a piece of cake
down to earth
problems of synchronic analysis
morphophonemic alternation, base allomorphy
ex
equal vs equality
long vs length
photographic vs photographer
belie
f
vs belie
v
e
Morphemes which undergo phonological transformation in morphological processes
Unique morphs
occur only once in a language, but behave like real morphemes
ex
cran-berry
Mon-day
rasp-berry
Tues-day
formatives
recur in morphologically related
forms but do not carry identifiable meaning
ex
consist
desist
insist
persist
resist
subsist
Internationality
ex
cafe
blitz
tea
vodka
sauna
salsa
pasta
Major foreign influences in premodern times
Old Norse
French
Latin
Ancient Greek
Hard Word problems for less educated speakers
etymology and folk etymology
def
study of the origin of words
ex
nice comes from a latin word which meant stupid/ignorant
obscured compounds
def
morphological transparency being lost due to phonological or lexicological change
ex
wif-mann
woman
folk etymology
obscure words are sometimes given new transparency by speakers through popular association
ex
bride-man
bridegroom (groom -> male servant)
crevice
crayfish
The Oxford English Dictionary(OED)
1860 start of the project
1928 first edition completed