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Multimedia-based Oral Communication, 'Speaking outside the classroom:…

- - - - Studies are included according to their relevance, outlet type, and research type
    - - Asynchronous audio or video communication Learner-centered
        Improving learners language skills
        University level class implementation
    - - Only peer-reviewed journal articles
    - - Qualitative and quantitative studies
  - - - Learners' lingusitic accuracy improved(Engin, 2014)
      - Learners' speech increased by 37% over the 13-week video production intervention course (Gromik, 2012)
      - Learners developed their pronunciation (Lepore, 2014)
    - - Technological challenges
        
        Poor Internet connection
        
        Hardware deficiencies and mulfunctions
        
        Recording equipment and editing software
      - Preparatory activities
      - Project-based learning
      - Self-evaluation and revision
  - - - Surveys, journals, and reflections
    - - Qualitative analysis
        Quantitative comparison
        Quantitative analysis
        Expert evaluation
    - - Learner perceptions, expert evaluation, and aim measurements would help researchers to accurately evaluate learners' language gains from using AMOC