In Europe, there was the rise of facist dictatorships under Benito Mussolini in Italy, Adolf Hitler in Germany, and Francisco Franco in Spain. Germany annexed Austria in 1938 and then Czechoslovakia in 1939. The League of Nations proposed The Munich Agreemet of 1938 which was an appeasement policy toward Hitler. However on September 1, 1939, Germany launched a blitzkrieg, or a lightening attack against Poland; this was against the promise made in the agreement. Britain and France declares war against Germany on September 3, 1939 and Canada officially declares war against Germany on September 10. Since it was after experiencing WW1, the mood of Canada was sombre comparing to that of before the WW1.
War in the Atlantic
Navy's main purpose was to defend Canada's coastal waters at first. However in 1940, the number of U-boat attacks on the merchant ships between Canada and Britain had increased; Germany's purpose was to overcome Britain by cutting the lifelines to Canada. By May 1941, German submarines had sank around 6 million tons of supplies. In response, the Royal Canadian Navy had rushed its corvettes into service to strenghen the protection of the convoys.
In 1941, US navy joined Canada in the Battle of the Atlantic. By 1943, Royal Canadian Air Forces bomber provided support for the convoys of the North Atlantic. Canadian forces played a major role of ensuring the safety of thousands of ships and millions of tonnes of cargo.
War in the Air
By 1945 the Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF) was the fourth largest air force in the world. During the five years, more than 164,000 Canadians had participated the battle.
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The Battle of Britain
Hundreds of Canadian pilots served in Britain's Royal Air Force during the summer of 1940 when there was German Luftwaffe's blitz bombing of British cities.
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War in the Pacific
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The United States dropped an atomic bomb on Hiroshima on August 6, 1945, and three days later the second atomic bomb was dropped on Nagasaki. Japan surrendered WWII on August 14, 1945 and WWII was over.
The United States joins WWII after the Japan's surprise attack on American warchips in Pearl Harbour, Hawaii on December 7, 1941.