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Forces Revision - Coggle Diagram
Forces Revision
Newton's Laws
1st Law
If the resultant force acting on an object is zero and the object is stationary, the object will remain stationary. If the object is moving it will continue on at the same velocity.
2nd Law
The acceleration of an object is proportional to the resultant force acting on the object, and
inversely proportional to the mass of the object. F=ma
3rd Law
Whenever two objects interact, the forces they exert on each other are equal and opposite.
Useful equations
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v = s/t
(v is the velocity, s is the displacement and t is the time)
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Stopping distance = thinking distance + braking distance
Stopping time = thinking time + braking time
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Momentum, brakes and reaction
The stopping distance of a vehicle is the sum of the distance the vehicle travels during the driver’s reaction time (thinking distance) and the distance it travels under the braking force (braking distance).
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For a given braking force the greater the speed of the vehicle, the greater the stopping distance.
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Knowledge of how a driver’s reaction time can be affected by tiredness, drugs and alcohol. Distractions may also affect a driver’s ability to react.
The braking distance of a vehicle can be affected by adverse road and weather conditions and poor condition of the vehicle.
Estimate how the distance for a vehicle to make an emergency stop varies over a range of speeds typical for that vehicle.