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lumbar plexus - Coggle Diagram

- - - - these cords then combine together
        to form 6 major peripheral nerves
        of the lumbar plexus
        
        these nerves then descend down
        the posterior abdominal wall
        to reach the lower limb
        
        where they innervate the target structures
  - - - it runs to the iliac crest
        across the quadratus lumborum muscle
        of the posterior abdominal wall
        
        it then perforates the transversus abdominis
        & divides into it's terminal branches
    - - L1 with contributions frm T12
    - - innervates the
        
        internal oblique
        
        & transversus abdominis
    - - innervates
        
        posterolateral gluteal skin in the pubic region
    - - course
        
        follows the same anatomical course as the larger iliohypogastric nerve
        
        after innervating the muscles of the anterior abdominal wall,
        it passes through the superficial inguinal ring
        to innervate the skin of the genitalia & middle thigh
      - roots
        
        L1
      - motor functions
        
        innervates
        
        the internal oblique
        
        & transverse abdominis
      - sensory functions
        
        innervates
        
        the skin on the superior antero-medial thigh
        
        in males- the skin over the
        -root of the penis
        -& anterior scrotum
        
        in females- the skin over
        -mons pubis
        -& labia majora
      - 3.Genitofemoral Nerve
        
        course
        
        after leaving the psoas major muscle,
        the genitofemoral nerve quickly divides into
        -genital branch
        -& femoral branch
        
        roots
        
        L1,L2
        
        motor functions
        
        innervates
        
        the cremasteric muscle
        
        sensory functions
        
        genital branch- males- in of the anterior scrotum
        females-skin over mons pubis & labia majora
        
        femoral branch- skin of the upper anterior thigh
  - - - it enters the thigh @ the lateral aspect
        of the inguinal ligament
        where it provides cutaneous innervation
        to the skin there
    - - L2, L3
    - - none
    - - -anterior
        -& lateral thigh
        down to the level of the knee
    - - course
        
        is formed frm the lumbar plexus
        It recieves fibers from the anterior divisions of
        L2, L3, & L4
        
        after its formation, it descends through
        the fibers of the psoas major
        & emerges frm its medial border.
        -it then travels posteriorly to the
        common iliac arteries
        & laterally along the pelvic wall
        -towards the obturator foramen
        
        it enters the medial thigh via the obturator canal
        ( formed within the obturator foramen by the obturator membrane).
        it then divides into anterior & posterior branches
      - anterior division
        
        descends betw
        -adductor longus
        -& adductor brevis
        (towards the femoral artery)
        
        here it supplies
        -motor fibers to:
        -add longus
        -add brevis
        -gracilis
        in rare cases to
        -pectineus
        
        it then pierces fascia lata
        to become the
        -cutaneous branch of - the obturator nerve
      - Posterior division
        
        passes thru the obturator externus
        -then travels anteriorly to reach the add magnus
        
        innervates the
        -obturator externus muscle
        -& adductor magnus muscle
      - Motor functions
        
        Innervates
        
        all the muscles in the medial compartment of the thigh
        -except hamstring part of adductor Magnus-by tibial nerve
        
        are collectively known as the hip adductors
        
        add longus- adducts thigh
        
        add brevis- adducts thigh
        
        adductor magnus
        -adductor part- adducts & flexes thigh
        -hamstring part- laterally rotates thigh
      - Sensory Function
        
        The cutaneous branch of obturator nerve
        -supplies the skin of the middle part of the medial thigh
      - Femoral nerve
        
        Course
        
        is the largest branch of lumbar plexus
        -is derived from the anterior rami of nerve roots
        L2, L3,& L4
        
        after rising frm the lumbar plexus,
        it travels inferiorly through the psoas major muscle -of the posterior abdominal wall.
        
        supplies branches to the
        -iliacus
        & pectineus
        before entering the thigh
        
        then passes underneath the inguinal ligament
        to enter the femoral triangle.
        -the nerve is located lateral to the femoral vessels
        -unlike the nerve, the femoral artery & nerve are enclosed within the femoral sheath
        
        divisions
        
        anterior division
        
        Anterior cutaneous branch
        
        branch to sartorius
        
        branch to pectineus
        
        Posterior division
        
        branches to quadriceps femoris
        
        Saphenous nerve
        
        it travels thru the adductor canal
        (with the femotal artery & vein)
        -& exits prior to the adductor hiatus
        
        innervates
        
        1 more item...
        
        is the terminal cutaneous branch of femoral nerve
        
        motor functions
        
        supplies the muscles of anterior thigh
        
        hip flexors
        
        1.Pectineus
        
        -adducts
        -& flexes the thigh
        -assists with medial rotation of thigh
        
        2.iliacus
        
        acts with psoas major & minor
        (forming iliopsoas)
        
        to flex the thigh @ the hip joint
        -& stabilize the hip joint
        
        3.sartorius
        
        -flexes
        -abducts
        -& laterally rotates
        thigh @ hip joint
        -flexes the leg
        @ the knee joint
        
        knee extensors
        
        quadriceps femoris
        
        rectus femoris
        
        vastus lateralis
        
        vastus medialis
        
        vastus intermedius
        
        -extends the leg
        @ the knee joint
        -also steadies the hip joint
        -assists iliopsoas in flexing the thigh
        
        sensory functions
        
        2 main sensory branches
        that arise frm femoral nerve
        
        Anterior cutaneous branches
        
        derived frm
        anterior division of
        femoral nerve
        
        supply skin of
        the anteromedial thigh
        
        saphenous nerve
        
        supplies the skin of the
        medial leg & foot
        
        a continuation of the
        posterior division of the
        femoral nerve