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Medieval Era, Classical Era, Romantic Era, Renaissance Era, Music Eras…
Medieval Era
1.
Major Historical Events (wars, plagues, etc)
The Crusades (1095-1270)
Great Schism between the Roman Catholic Church and Eastern Orthodox Church (1054)
Great Famine struck large parts of Europe (1315-17)
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Significant Genres and Styles (Social + Historical Context)
- Polyphony: many voices, many instruments and lines of music
Medieval music that has more than one voice is called ORGANUM (800’s to 1200’s). Has at least one voice for harmony
- Free Organum
- Sequences
- Liturgy—texts that are spoken or sung and rituals throughout the service
- Gregorian chant = music for church purposes
6.Sequence
- Troubadour songs were poetry. Courtly Love was abt about unrequited love. Female composers were more realistic. Kinda like the first heartbreak songs. Melodies were strophic, narrow melodic range.
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Significant advances or inventions:
Safer ships in 7th century = more travel
Heavy wheeled plow in 500’s (6th century) =more food=more people
14th century—paper = books, learning music quicker!
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Classical Era
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String Quartet, Concerto, Symphony, Sonata forms.
Sonata- form has 3 sections
-Exposition
-Development
-Recapitulation
Symphony-was first started as a section of a opera where the instruments introduce the main themes without singers. This section became very popular so it became its own genre
Concerto-Similar to what is was is Baroque Era
String Quartet-social-music, this was music amateurs could play.
Significant Inventions and Advancements -Idea of democratic states began to spread especially after the French Revolution
-Steam engines were invented allowing boats to be steam powered
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Major Historical Events
-The French Revolution (1789-1790
Napoleon is Crowned Emperor (1804)
Industrial Revolution Starts (1760--1840)
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Romantic Era
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Major Historical Events
Russia abolished serfdom in 1861
US abolished slavery in 1865
WW1 starts in 1914
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Significant Inventions and Advancements
1830 sewing machines are invented, allowed for faster production of clothing.
Electric Telegraphs are invented in 1833 allowing for longer distance communications without the need to travel
Electric Motors start to be used in the 1830's
Significant Genres and Styles (Social + Historical Context)
Sonatas-The early sonatas were conceived for amateurs but were becoming more difficult
Symphonies-Have been increasingly getting longer especially with the popularity of Beethoven
German Lied- Became extremely popular as a show of national pride. This was because Nationalistic feelings started to increase
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Renaissance Era
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Baroque Era
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2
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Important composers
Antonio Vivaldi (1678 - 1741)
Claudio Monteverdi (1567 - 1643)
George Frideric Handel (1685 - 1759)
Major historical Events
- The Americas are discovered and colonized
- Weird sciences with the scientific method.
- Isaac Newton (1642-1746)
Stuff to know
-Opera is the new talk of the town
-Moving away from Zarlino (rules from the renaissance
-Concerto is new
-Dance Music is popular especially because it's social breeding.
-New Dance Music
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Important composers
- Josquin Des Prez
- Giovanni Palestrina
Important styles/genres (social and historical context)
1.Motets and Masses
2.Madrigals
3.Dance music (social breeding)
Major historical events
- The Reformation happens in the Catholic Church
- Counter-Reformation
- Focused more on philosophy—the study of humanism—grammar, poetry, history, moral philosophy
Significant advances/inventions
- printing press
- building techniques = more styles of architecture
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Music Eras Timeline
By: Zachary Lapidante, Praneeth Dattagupta, and Emily Zhao