Witches were frequently characterized as being ugly and old women. (Though in Anne Boleyn's case, people were apparently willing to overlook those characteristics when they called her a witch). They were typically described as "crone-like," with snaggle teeth, sunken cheeks, and hairy lips.

In 1629, Charles locked MP's out of Parliament for 11 years.

In 1628, Charles went to war with the French and lost.

The witch trials happened due to many different things including diseases, coincidences, faith and natural hazards . At the time many people were quite religious and believed in god and blamed many bad things on the devil or weird people in their society. Because of the differences with these people (usually girls) made them targets from the faithful people and overtime people made up the witch trials

Many in England feared that Charles favoured the Catholics too much - after all, he was married to a Catholic.

Charles firmly believed in the divine rights of kings and that it was his right to run the country as he wished.

There was a general belief in the country that Parliament should have more say in how the country was run England had money issues. Charles should have set a better example for his people with regards to spending.

Since Henry VIII there had been problems over religion and Charles could not hope to keep everybody happy.

Charles spent a great deal of money on works of art by Rubens and Van Dyck.

In 1626, Parliament refused to raise money for Charles. In 1640, Charles fought a war against the Scots and lost. He had to pay the Scots to leave England.

Many feared that the children of Charles were being secretly brought up as Roman Catholics

Charles was arrogant and would not listen to the opinions of others.

Charles had too many favourites at court - he listened only to their advice Charles forced his way into the House of Commons but failed to arrest 5 leading MPs.

Charles decided to rule without Parliament when it would not give him the taxes he wanted.

Archbishop Laud tried to end Puritan ideas in the Church of England.

Archbishop Laud introduced a new prayer book to Scotland, and Scottish rebels attacked England because they hated it so much.

Charles used fines and ship money to raise money without Parliament’s agreement. The people were very angry.

Elizabeth I had been a strong and just ruler – people compared Charles to her and they did not respect him as much.

Edgehill - 1642 First battle of the civil war. Victor – Indecisive. The troops were inexperienced and poorly disciplined on both sides.

Marston Moor - 1644 Victor – Parliamentarians (Roundheads

Naseby - 1645 Victor –Parliamentarians (decisive). The New Model Army (new organised soldiers).

Langport - 1645 Langport today, it is just South of Bristol. Victor – Parliamentarians. One of the final battles of the Civil War. Gave Parliament control of the South-West which had been a source of Royalist power.

The New Model Army, founded in 1645 by the Parliament, was a new professional army which was used to combat the the King's (Charles I) army.

People normally confessed because they usually would no other choice to as when someone is accused people make many things up against the accused making it impossible for them to say they're innocent. They confess as it would give them a lighter sentence ((is what they would think) but usually they just get executed or die from the trials

Roundheads were the supporters of the Parliament during the English Civil war. The Cavaliers were the king's (Charles I) supporters during the english civil war.

They are often old

They have a ‘mark of the devil’ (a birth mark or mole) on their skin.

They make models of their victims and cast spells on them.

They hold strange ceremonies.

They live alone

They have a ‘familiar’ (an animal that follows them around, usually a cat – often a black one).