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Extraction of metals, iron extraction steps - Coggle Diagram

- - - - makes it hard and brittle
  - - - carbon dioxide (greenhouse effect)
      - carbon monoxide (poisonous)
      - sulphur dioxide from sulphur impurities (poisonous, acid rain)
- - - - metal oxide is reduced, carbon is oxidised
        
        redox reaction
- - - - strongly exothermic
      - the reaction is the main source of heat
      - C + O₂ → CO₂
      - carbon dioxide reacts with carbon to form carbon monoxide
        
        C + CO₂ → 2CO
        
        the carbon monoxide is the main reducing agent
        
        more reactive than iron
        
        carbon monoxide reduces the iron in the iron ore
        
        3CO(g) + Fe₂O₃(s) → 2Fe(l) + 3CO₂(g)
        
        carbon also reduces the iron
        
        3C(g) + Fe₂O₃(s) → 2Fe(l) + 3CO₂(g)
        
        the heat decomposes the limestone to give calcium oxide
        
        the impurities in iron oxide (silicon dioxide) reacts with calcium oxide to give slag
        
        the rocky impurities don't melt at the high temperatures
        
        slag = calcium silicate
        
        1 more item...
        
        forms a layer on top of the molten iron
        
        1 more item...
        
        CaO(s) + SiO₂(s) --> CaSiO₃(l)
        
        CaCO₃ → CaO + CO₂
        
        endothermic (absorbs heat)
        
        thermal decomposition