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Issues on Sex - Coggle Diagram
Issues on Sex
Sexually Transmitted Infections
Passed form one person to another during sexual intercourse
May also be spread through...
Blood transfusions or organ transplants
Sharing of needles for drug use, tatooing, ear-piercing or acupuncture
From infected mother to her baby
Mainly affects the reproductive organs but may spread to other parts of the body
Carriers may not show symptoms for very long times
For months or even years
Some do not show it until the disease is incurable
May be caused by...
Bacteria
Can be cured with antibiotics
Viruses
Difficult to treat
Parasites
Common STIs found in Singapore
Gonorrhea
Caused by bacteria
Can be cured with antibiotics
Symptoms
White/yellow discharge from penis/vagina
Pain or burning sensation when urinating
Sores on the skin
May result in infertility
Infected mother may spread to her child which may lead to blindness of the child
Syphilis
Caused by a spiral bacteria
Treated with antibiotics
Stage 1
Painless Sores appear
Stage 2
Non-itchy rashes which disappear on their own
Stage 3
Bacteria would have attacked the brain
Weakness
Paralysis
Blindness
Insanity
Deformed Joints and teeth
May be fatal
Congenital Syphilis
Disease is passed to foetus during development causing deformalities
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
The stage where the immune system has been destroyed by HIV
Virus attcks the white blood cells needed to fight infections, disabling the infected's ability to fight off diseases
After a number of years, the person develops swollen lymph nodes in the neck and underarms, persistent fevers and chronic diarrhoea
Usually there are no early symptoms
Loss of appetite and weight loss
After 8-10 years about half of HIV patients develop AIDS
Immune system is destroyed
Unusual infections and cancers result
Treatment
Medical treatment can help the patient live longer but there is no cure
Prevention
Having sexual intercourse with only one's spouse
Not sharing things that come into contact with others semen or blood
Ensuring ear piercing an tatooing equipment is properly sterilised
Contraception
Allows couples to limit the number of children they have
Temporary
Not foolproof
Allows them to have children when they stop using these methods
Recommended for young couples
Methods
Preventing Ovulation
Contraceptive Pills containing hormones preventing release of ovum from the ovary
May cause high blood pressure and migraines
Preventing Implantation
An Intra-uterine device is inserted into the womb by a doctor
May cause infection and bleeding of the womb
Preventing Fertilisation
Spermicides to kill sperm
Male condom worn over the penis
Female condom inserted into the vagina
Diaphragm inserted into the cervix
Permanent
Prevents them from having any more children
Difficult to reverse
Used only if sure that they do not want any more children
Involve sterilisation
Methods
Male Sterilisation: Vasectomy
Minor surgery to remove the middle section of the sperm duct
Cuts the flow of sperm to the urethra and penis
Semen would only contain sex glands, no sperm
Female Sterilisation: Ligation
Surgery to remove the middle portion of both oviducts and clipping the open ends
Stops released ova from the ovaries from passing along the oviduct into the uterus
Premarital Sex
Having Sexual Intercourse before marriage
Problems
Unplanned pregnancies
Health risks
Feelings of guilt
May contract or spread STIs
Abortion
The deliberate man-made ending of a pregnancy
Removal of the developing foetus from the mother's uterus.
Safer if carried out in the first 3 months of pregnancy
Carries higher risk if not carried out by trained doctors under safe and proper conditions with adequate treatment
A serious matter as it involves ending a life
Other side effects include infection of the uterus
May spread to fallopian tubes resulting in infertility
Emotions of guilt after the abortion may lead to depression
Sometimes the solution is the have the baby adopted
Reasons
Medical Reasons
Risk of neutral/physical abnormality in the baby
Possibility of harm to the mother if pregnancy continues
Social Reasons
Usually due to unwanted or unplanned pregnancies
May be due to failure of contraceptions or rape
Others
Couple cannot bring up the child