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Child Development (Science of Neglect), Done by: Sandy, Insyirah and…
Child Development (Science of Neglect)
Responsive relationships
Both expected and essential
Their absence is a serious threat too a child’s development and well-being
Activates biological stress response systems
Can have toxic effect on developing brain circuitry
Lack of responsiveness persist
Adverse effects of toxic stress can compound the lost opportunities for development
Limited interaction
Limited interaction
This multifaceted impact of neglect on the development brain underscores
Why it is so harmful in the earliest years of life
Why effective early interventions are likely to pay significant dividends in better, long-term outcomes
chronic neglect
sustain a range of adverse physical and mental health consequences
Cognitive delays
Disruption of the body’s stress response
impairments in executive function
Stunting of physical growth
Self-regulation skills
Impacts
Damage is worse than physical abuse
Receive less attention in policy and practice
severe deprivation or neglect
alters the development of biological stress-response system
greater risk for anxiety, depression
cardiovascular problems
chronic health impairments later in life
is associated with significant risk for emotional and interpersonal difficulties
high level of negativity, poor impulse control
low level of enthusiasm and confidence
personality disorder
disrupts the ways in which children's brains develop and process information
increasing risk for cognitive, attentional, emotional and behavior disorders
is associated with significant risks for learning difficulties and poor school achivement
low IQ score
poor reading skills
low rate of high school graduation
Negative consequences of deprivation and neglect can be reversed or reduced through appropriate and timely interventions
Merely removing a young child from an insufficiently responsive environment does not guarantee positive outcomes
Experience severe deprivation typically need therapeutic intervention and highly supportive care to mitigate the adverse effects and facilitate recovery
Four Types of Unresponsive Care
Chronic Under-stimulation
Often leads to developmental delays and may caused by a variety of factors
Interventions that address the needs of caregivers combined with access to high-quality early care and education for children can be effective
Ongoing, diminished level of child-focused responsiveness and developmental enrichment
Severe neglect in a family context
Effects
Wide range of adverse impacts, from significant developmental impairments to immediate threat to health or survival.
Actions
Intervention to assure caregiver responsiveness and address the developmental needs of the child required as soon as possible.
Features
Significant, ongoing absence of serve and return interaction, often associated with failure to provide for basic needs.
Occasional inattention
Features
Intermittent, diminished attention in an otherwise responsive environment
Effects
Can be growth-promoting under caring conditions
Action
No intervention needed
Serve neglect in an institutional setting
Features
“Warehouse-like” conditions with many children, few caregivers, and no individualised adult-child relationships that are reliably responsive
Effects
Basic survival needs may be met, but lack of individualised adult responsiveness can lead to severe impairments in cognitive, physical, and psychosocial development.
Actions
intervention and removal to a stable, caring, socially responsive environment required as soon as possible
Done by: Sandy, Insyirah and Sylvia T19