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Greek civilisation - Coggle Diagram
Greek civilisation
The Archaic Period
(776 bc-490 bc)
Characteristics of polis
Poleis met together in festivals like the olimpic games, which recives its name from the first one held in olimpia in 776 bc.
Polis were ruled by its oligarchy, a group of wealthy, land-owning citizens
Each have their own governy, laws, army and currency, but they share the same language, religion and custom
After the 6 century bc, this situation led to conflicts, which create new models of goverment:
Tyranny: a system in which one person took command
Democrazy: a system in which citizens participate in all political decisions
People work in agriculture and commerce which made some poleis, like Athens and Corinth, very wealthy
Vocabulary
Chora, Acropolis, Bouleuterion, Agora, Temples, Port, Alphabet, Stoa, Markets
.
Society
Cityzens
Sons of free parents:
They have political and civil rights but they also have obligations
They work in agriculture and trade which made them rich landowner and merchants
Non-cityzens
Slaves
They had no rights
They belong to their master
They were many
Women
They were free but they barely have any rights
They did house work and raise their children
Foreign men
They were called metics in athens and perioeci in Sparta
They work mainly in trade and artisanal crafts
They were free but they don't have any political rights
Lifestyle
The greek diet was mediterranean, and their meals were simple normaly.
A Typical Greek House
Kitchen
They were build in adobe and have clay floor
Garden
Woodem beams supported gabled roofs made of clay tiles
Room for slaves
Gynaceum (room for womens)
Merchant
Houses were well-lit and ventilated thank to their two floors and central patio
Colonisation
Colonisation process
Searching for a location: then they search for an appropiate place, and they make expeditions to know ore about the place
Cosing the first colonists: once the place was selected, the metropolish crete a set of rules
Consulting the oracle: thay consulted the gods before making a important decision, and they put a leader to guide the clonisation
Distributing land: Once they arreve in their new colony, the leader gave each clonist a plot of land and building begin.
Athens and Sparta
Sparta left the Delian League and create its own Peloponnesian League with other poleis Both leagues fought one another during the Peloponnesian war (431-404)At the end Athens was defeted and halt in the city's democrazy
They have different characteristics
Athens
Its better period was under governed of the general and political Pericles
He surrond him self with intellectual and renewed Athens' cultural and politics. He embellished the citywith buildings
The governed was called a democrazy because the public had direct political power
Athenian democrazy
The Boule had 500 members that were chosen by lot every year. They make sure that the rules where followed
The Heliaia was a court of 6.000 citizens chosen by lot each year. They decide on punishments and implemented justice
The Ecclesia or assembly voted on laws and could declare war or signed peace treaties with other nations
Sparta
Its organisation was different to that or other polis
Military state. Rigid system of govern orientated towards war and strict disciplin policies
Parents did not bring up their sons. Became wards of the State at the age of seven and recive severe military training.
Spartan oligarchy
Governed by a diarchy: two kings who had religious and military functions ...................... The Kings were advised by:
The Apella or assembly approved or rejected the proposals of the Gerousia
The ephors or magistrates checked that laws were obeyed and oversaw the internal political order.
The Gerousia or cou ncil of elder was made up of 28 members over the age of 60. They created laws and decided on punishment