Intro to family-centered mgm
Define
Clinician directed approach
Child centered approach
Hybrid approach
Clinician directed approach
Child centered approach
Hybrid approach
Setting
Hospital env
Priority is to discharge, reduce length of stay
Clinician decides on the goals
Setting
Collaborative goal setting
Follow child's lead
Why use?
Can decide how clinicians and clients will use materials
Decide on type, freq of reinforcement
SLP specifies the form of responses to be accepted as correct
SLP decides the order of activities
Can be in control of the flow
Why might this not work?
Child's disruptive behaviour
Examples
"Say this after me", SLP presents stimulus, SLP waits for child to respond, give sufficient time, SLP presents reinforcement and/or specific feedback
Behaviourism therory
Drill play: Antecedent moving event added. "I have a magic wand today". Subsequent motivating event post. You demonstrate for child first how the game is played. Need to pick up tokens. You get the tokens.
Drill: instructs child what response is expected--> repeated, imitated. Prompts gradually fade. Reinforcement is verbal praise or tangible reinforcer. High rate of stimulus presentations, client responses per unit time. Child just says "Monkey in car"
Clinician directed modelling : child's job is to listen for patterns, SLP provides many models, child then later produces, child asked to talk like SLP. "Book in bucket, apple in bucket, doll in bucket". Listen so you can talk like me later.
Advantages
Maximises opportunities for child to practise new form-specific stimulus, high lvl of anxiety
Large research base w effectiveness in eliciting wide variety of new lang forms
Some chn respond better to clinician directed (ASD, clear instruction, criteria)
Disadvantages
Unnatural, different to contexts where lang is used in everyday conversation
Targets may not spontaneously be incorporated into everyday lang use even when criterion lvls reached
Not suitable for use with young, non verbal chn
What is it?
More natural, SLP controls less
SLP arrange activity so that there are opportunities for lang: set up room so child has to request for toy
Occurs as natural part of play and interaction
No tangible reinforcers
X require the child to provide specific response. Can say whatever they and it's ok
Child is in the driver's seat
SLP selects materials but does not direct activity
Child's lead- does what child does (don't get them back to previous activity)
Talk about what child is doing, talking about
SLP has to learn to wait and respond to child-wait for them to show communication intent
Respond to behaviour in a way that models comm. lang use that is within child's ZPD (step up but still achievable and realistic)
Examples
SLP reacts to child's behaviour, placing it in communicative context, give it ling mapping
SLP maps using a variety of indirect lang stimulation techniques
Social interaction theory: self talk, // talk, imitations, expansions, extensions, build up and breakdowns, recasts
SLP arranges env to faciliate child's use of target responses as they naturally occur during play- pockets on wall, get duck, get bubble. Look, help
SLP waits for child to initiate an interaction or response (verbally or non verbally) to play stimuli and follows child's lead, truck full of blocks, let them be in control
SLP responds by using indirect lang stimulation technique
If child X initiate verbal output, SLP responds to child's actions, interprets these as intentional comm. responding w an appropriate lang model eg. just give them the word "say it as they would say it"
Advantages
May be good approach for chn who have behaviour problems: more freedom to choose
May be good approach for passive chn: give them time to warm up
May be good intro to Tx, may be a good adjunct also
Natural, enjoyable to play and fun