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Conservation: the preservation and careful management of the environment…
Conservation: the preservation and careful management of the environment and of natural resources.
4.2 Access to freshwater
Increasing supplies and conservation of water
Reservoirs: Naturally or artificially created lakes used to collect and store water during periods of high rainfall to provide a plentiful supply throughout the year
Strengths: generation of hydropower, flood control, navigation, fisheries, control water quality
Weaknesses: change of habitat, relocation of people change the flow of water, loss of fish and mammal migratory routes, sedimentation in the reservoir and loss of capacity
Redistribution: Water redistribution, aka water transfer schemes, is the process of transporting water from one river basin to another using pipes or canals
Strengths: water is usually taken from where it's considered a surplus to where it's water deficit
Weaknesses: expensive, affects habitats and organisms, may not be sufficient to meet the needs of local people
Rainwater Harvesting: involves the collection of percolation which falls on the roof of buildings
Strengths: used for domestic purposes reduces risk of flooding and soil erosion, relatively cheap and easy to maintain
Weaknesses: relatively cleaned, but must be filtered to avoid contamination before drinking
Recharging Aquifers
Reduce Domestic Use
Grey-Water Recycling
3.4 Conservation of biodiversity
Arguments for preserving species and habitats
The role of intergovernmental and non-governmental organisations
Ways of Conservation
Habitat-based
Protected Area
Case study of a protected area: The Kabili Sepilok Forest Reserve, Borneo
Species-based
Keystone species
Flagship species
Convention on the International Trade in Endangered Species (of Wild Fauna and Flora) aka CITES
Captive breeding and reintroduction programmes
Zoos
Case study of a mixed approach to conservation: Bengal Tiger
4.4 Water pollution
Ways to reduce water pollution
Regulating and reducing pollutants at the point of emission: Rather than preventing the production of the pollutant, whether fully or partially, release of the pollutant can be regulated or stopped instead.
Clean-up and restoration: When pollution has already impacted an environment, strategies can be used to remove it and/or help the environment affected recover.
Altering human activity: Changing the human activity which leads to the production of the pollutant (usually strategies include the promotion of alternative technologies, lifestyles, and values).
*LOOK AT SPECIFIC EXAMPLE REGARDING EUTROPHICATION
1.1 Environmental value systems
Ecocentric Response to Environmental Issues
Technocentric Response to Environmental Issues