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Differences between animals and human communication - Coggle Diagram
Differences between animals and human communication
Animal Communications
Territorial
: communication is used to defend or claim territory such as songs for birds, leaving markings on trees or scenting territory
Food-related
: Food calls are used to signify food has been found to a group e.g. like the "waggle dance" of the honey bee
During contests
: communication is used to attract the intention of a potential mate or to solidify a pairs bonds e.g. peacocks splay their feathers and other birds do mating dances to attract females
Location
: For example, wolves howl to notify the pack where they are
Alarm Calls
: Signals are used to signify the threat of a predator, for exampe, rabbits thump with their paws to warn others.
Human Communications
Human communications consist of both signals and symbols
Symbols
: sounds, gestures, material objects or written words that have a specific meaniing to a group of people
Humans have a open vocal system (a larger back of symbols than animals)
Humans generally use all tenses (past, present and future), whereas non-human animals focus on present only
Non-human animals use communciation for survival
Examples include: Mate selection, defending or exapnding territory, finding food, reporting their whereabout to others and warning against danger
Von Frisch's Bee Study
Honeybees use the 'waggle' dance to communicate information about the location of pollen rich flowers
A bee finds a food source and once found, returns to the hive to communicate its location
Using the suns position in the sky, it 'waggles' its body in the direction of the food source
Movements involved in the waggle dance were first translated by Karl Von Frisch
The foods distance is communicated by adding extra shuffles, the more plentiful the food source, the longer the duration of the dance