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Planning landfill -Nasiha sakinah 2016249978 - Coggle Diagram
Planning landfill
-Nasiha sakinah 2016249978
1) Siting consideration
Factors
surface water hydrology
geologic and hydrogeology condition
soil condition
climate condition
haul distance
local environment
land area availability
ultimate use od sites
Procedure
phase 2- identification of site area
criteria for elimination
general data
hydro-geology
geothenical
-metereological
-nature protect and land use
phase 3 site investigation
Phase 1- site rating process
exclusion critera
drinking water protection area
-high flood area
-unstable ground
-extreme morphology
phase 4- final decision
3) landfill operation and management
1- waste collection
2- waste wighbridge
3- waste dumping process
4- waste compaction process
5- daily soil cover
6- capping/covering process
types of covering
1) daily operation
- carried out after daily portion of tipping
2) intermediate operation
- helps in reducing leachate, no dump raise more than 10 m
3) final covering operation
-minimun cover thckness of 60cm
final cover plan
to allow easy management after operation
to guarantee a long term future compatible with presence of waste
to integrate the site into environment
factor to considered
leachate management
stability analyses of wate body
environemnt concern
operating facilties
settlement and other type of deformation
6) leachate management
sources
rainfall
groundwater
surface drainage
water from underground spring
management
discharge
evaporation
recycling
Pros
1) enhances landfill stabilisation because rate of landfill gas increase due to increasing moisture content
2) reduce volume waste leachate
Cons
1) increase rate of groundwater pollution
2) increase toxicity of leachate by concentrating it
treatment
On-site treaatment
minimize contaminant
reduce high concentration COD & BOD
remove 90% COD and ammonia
Aerobic treatment
shallow ponf (<1m deep)
light penetrates to bottom
organic converted to CO2, NO3-,HSO4-
active algal photosynthesis
Wetland System
use wetland lant e,g cat tail
treated by filtration, adsorption and rxn with soil,roots and bacteria
evaporation
use energy for combustion landfill gases
contaminant are concentrated to small volume
exhaust air used to preheat leachate
Reed Bed
a channel
filled with gravel,sand or soil
pant with macrophytes
Advantages
low cost
-prevent public disturbance
new habitat for wildlife
7) Odor control
Causes
LFG
trash
leachate
health effect
headache
cough
nausea
illness
asthma
brain
depression
Factors
type of waste
volume potentially odorous materials
-time of day
size of working face
control system
eliminate the generation of odor
cover waste to reduce odor
collect landfill gas
masking waste
improve stormwater management
use odor neutralizing chemical
2) Landfill layout and design
METHODS
TRENCH METHOD
Ideally suited to areas with adequate depth of cover material is available at site and deep water table
DEPRESSION METHOD
technique of waste placement and compaction vary with geometry of the site
Canyon, ravines, dry borrowpits and quarries can be used
construction phase
1)
excavated land
2)
addcompacted clay layer/synthetic liner
3)
install leachate collection system
4)
install geosynthetic liner
5)
Add sloped,sand drainage layer
6)
deposit solid waste
7)
Install groundwater and gas monitoring wells
8)
add soil layer
9)
install clay clap
10)
install geosynthetic cap
11) install sand drainage
12
)add layer of top soil
13)
plant grass
14)
contruct methane recovery building
4) reaction occuring
escape gases from the fill
movement liquids caused by differential head
chemical oxidation
biological decay of organic material
5) landfill gas management
LFG control technologies
means to collect gas
control and treat gas
use gases to benefits community
Passive Gas collection
constructed from high density polyethylene or polypropylene up to 25mm d
Active Gas collection
shoild be consideres for all deep landfill sites
The pumped wells will need to spaced at maximum of 50 meter intervals
Factors
Waste input rate
Ambient pH
Ambient temperature
Waste density (closely or loosely packed)
The specific site management strategy/strat
Odor control
Landfill cover
flaring
venting
Gas control
Gas movement
-determine by change in barometric pressure, leachate level, water table levels
Gas monitoring
Gas production
-rate gas depend on physical, chemical and microbiological
Gas control measure
-flammable range methane 5-15% volume in air
-CO2 increase density landfill gas
Gas utilization
direct use
conversion to electricity
8) Closure & postclosure
Post-closure care
routine inspection
infrastructure maintenance
environmental monitoring systems
Plan
Green areas
recreation
Agriculture
Housing
Closure care
cover and landscape design
control LFG
collection and treatment leachate
environmental monitoring systems