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The Periodic Table - Coggle Diagram

- - - - They are good conductors of heat and electricity.
        
        But they are softer than most other metals, you can cut them with a knife.
      - They are lighter than most other metals, they have low density. So due to this, the elements can float on water, while reacting with it.
      - Have low melting and boiling points.
    - - We can´t see the table very clear but, as you go down there is a kind of increase or decrease for each property, doing a pattern that is called a trend.
    - - Comparing the reactions of lithium, sodium, and potassium.
        
        Reaction with water:
        
        They three reacted violently with water, giving hydrogen and a hydroxide.
        
        There is a trend in reactivity, for sodium the reaction is: sodium+water ---->sodium hydroxide+hydrogen
        
        The alkali metals react vigorously with water. Hydrogen bubbles off, leaving solutions of their hydroxides, which are alkalis.
        
        Reaction with Chlorine:
        
        If you heat the three metals, and plunge them into gas jars of chlorine they burst into flame. Burning, forming chlorides. Example: sodium+chlorine ----> sodium chloride
        
        Reaction with oxygen:
        
        When you heat them and plunge them into gas jars of oxygen, the three metals also burst into flame. Forming oxides, that dissolve in water to give alkaline solutions.
        
        In all three reactions the trend is clearly shown. Lithium is the least reactive and potassium is the most reactive of the three elements.
    - - Because they have the same number of valency electrons. (outer-shell electrons)
    - - Alkali metals are the most reactive.
      - Because they need to lose only one electron, to gain stability in the outer shell.
      - The alkali metals form ionic compounds, in which the metal ion has a charge of 1+.
      - Have a strong drive to react with other compounds and elements, becoming ions.
      - Compounds are white solids, they dissolve in water to give colourless solutions.
      - Example: sodium chloride is made up of the ions Na+ and Cl-.
- - - - Elements show periodicity
        
        Elements with similar properties appear at regular intervals.
      - Similar elements are arranged in columns.