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Radiopaque lesions - Coggle Diagram
Radiopaque lesions
Neoplasms and tumors
Cementoblastoma
Etiology: proliferating cementum like tissue. Aka true cementing, and true tumor or cementum
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Characteristics: the calcified mass has a radiolucent halo around the outer perimeter, which is the periodontal ligament space. Since the calcified mass and golf the root of the tooth, it is visible on the radiograph. The patient may be with or without pain, and there is usually swelling.
Dental implications: the patient may present with pain. Therefore the clinician will be required to categorize the characteristics of the lesion involved, including the stage of development, the vitality of the tooth, and the factors that would indicate that the lesion is a cementoblastoma.
Treatment and prognosis: the usual protocol is removal of the tooth because of the unlimited growth potential related to the attached calcified mass. The growth potential makes removal necessary even though the tooth test vital. Excellent prognosis without recurrence if the mass is totally removed.
Odontoma
Etiology: comprised of both epithelial and mesenchymal tissues. Most commonly occurring odontogenic tumor. They are developmental anomolies and are hamartomas. In the case of a odontomas, The tissue involved is a mixture of an enamel, Dentin, cementum, and pulp. There is also a hereditary component.
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Characteristics: the complex and compound odontoma may be found on a radiograph. However, further histology tests are needed to differentiate the complex from the compound. Complex up here radiographically more amorphous (without definite form or shape) and as solitary forms of indistinct radiopacity, rather than tooth like structures. Regardless of whether the entity is complex or compound, there’s usually a radiolucent rim that is observed. This is the normal follicle in which they develop.
Dental implications: maybe seen in Gardner syndrome along with the osteoma. May impinge on teeth, causing a failure to irrupt, and they also grow in size, causing facial asymmetry.
Treatment and prognosis: excision is the treatment of choice; excellent prognosis without incidence of recurrence.
Osteoma
Etiology: unknown, but trauma, infections, and developmental defects have been suggested as possible causes
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Characteristics: usually exhibit certain characteristics, such as sharply defined radiopaque structures with clumped calcifications that resemble tooth like structures. A radiolucent rim is sometimes seen on the periphery of the lesion.
Dental implications: differentiation of an osteoma is especially important in the early diagnosis of Gardner syndrome.
Treatment and prognosis: observation is the protocol for very small osteomas, with careful monitoring in some cases and surgery for the larger, more extensive, lesions. Excellent prognosis when the osteoma is removed and recurrence is usually not a problem. A biopsy and histologic diagnoses are necessary to differentiate the lesions from other pathology. The lesions are usually removed anyway for complete diagnosis. I’ll see llamas remain benign, but they may be associated with other disease states, such as Gardner syndrome. Referred to a medical doctor when indication of Gardner syndrome. Intestinal resection is often performed when there are intestinal polyps indicating garnered syndrome.
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