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the circulatory system - Coggle Diagram
the circulatory system
transports blood around the body
carries oxygen and glucose around the body
main organ is the heart
sends blood around your body through tube like organs called blood vessels
the heart is made from muscle tissue
made of millions of muscle cells
muscle cells have a basic muscle cell structure
contain organelles like a nucleus, cytoplasm, and are surrounded by a cell membrane
pulmonary circulation- pulmonary artery and vein
systemic circulation- aorta, vena cava, renal artery and vein, mesenteric artery, hepatic artery and vein
why do organisms have to have a circulatory system?
the body is too large for diffusion to supply every cell with oxygen, glucose, and other nutrients. Circulation transports these materials close to every cell so substances can diffuse efficiently
arteries
carries blood away from the heat at high pressure
thick muscular wall that contracts to keep blood flowing at high pressure
elastic walls that stretch an recoil to keep blood moving under high pressure without bursting
smooth lining (endothelium) that prevents blood clots forming
vein's
returns blood to the heart under low pressure
large lumen space so there is plenty of space for blood to move reducing loss of pressure
thin muscle layer in wall that contracts to maintain pressure and keep blood moving
smooth lining to stop blood from clotting
pocket valves to prevent back flow of blood
capillaries
exchanges substances with cells
narrows it slows down the blood flow so that change of substances with cells can happen
wall is one cell thick so there is a short diffusion distance