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Chemistry - Coggle Diagram
Chemistry
How is crude oil formed?
Millions of years ago, tiny plants and animals called planktons lived in the sea.
When the plankton died, their remains fell to the bottom of the sea
Layers of sand and mud, known as sediment were deposited on top of the sea plankton. Over millions of years the dead animals got buried deeper and deeper.
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some raw materials like coal are finite because it can't last for ever there is not enough coal to last for ever.
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advantages of using sustainable is that it is good for the environment and that it helps protect the planet
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Igneous rocks
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Igneous rocks are formed when 1. Molten Magma rises near the Earth's surface
- The magma solidifies as it's cooler nearer the surface
- As the magma turns into a solid it forms an igneous rocks.
Igneous rocks have crystals which depend on their size if they cool quicker, so the slower they cool, the larger the crystals.
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Ignous rocks do not contain fossils because the original rock would have melted to form magma and form Igneous rocks
weathering and erosion
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erosion is the process that takes place after weathering and it breaks down small rocks into pebbles and also involves the transport of the rock fragments by wind or water
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biological = the rock is broken down by animals or plants such as a plant growing in the rock and splitting it apart
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sedimentary rocks
sedimentary rocks are formed when sediment is deposited in the sea or land and they stay there for thousands of years and during that time layers and layers of sediment are deposited onto the rock and finally the sediments form sedimentary rock.
sedimentary rocks have lots of layers and whilst the rock is being formed it is compacted by lots of layers of sediment
they contain fossils because along all those layers squashed together there might be a dead creature that was buried there or something
sedimentary rocks are formed by pressure because the layers are all squashed together which forms pressure and makes the layers stick togther to form a sedimentary rock
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How are fossils formed?
- To make a fossil an animal has to die
- Bacteria eat the soft body parts and leave the bones, teeth or exoskeletons
- Over time the skeleton will be buried in to sediment such as clay, mud or sand
- As time passes layers start to form and the layers become compacted by the weight and over time the pressure starts to turn the sediment into rock. Some minerals stick to the sediment
- Now because of the movement of plates this fossil would be easier to find by some fossil hunter
Metamorphic Rocks
metamorphic rocks are formed when sedimentary rocks come closer to the Earth's mantle and then heat and pressure transform these rocks into hard metamorphic rocks made up of layers or crystals. E.G : limestone into marble
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