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Respiratory pharmacology - Coggle Diagram
Respiratory pharmacology
histamine-1 blockers
first generation
diphenhydramine, dimenhydrinate, chlorpheniramine
for allergy, motion sickeness, sleep aid
second generation
loratadine, fexofenadine, desloratadine, cetirizine
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N-acetylcysteine
mucolytic; liquifies mucus in chronic bronchopulmonary disease; used as an antidote for acetaminophen overdose
dextromethorphan
antitussive(鎮咳薬); synthetic codeine analog; mild opioid effect; mild abuse potential; naloxone can be given for overdose; may cause serotonin syndrome with serotonergic agents
pseudoephedrine, phenylephrine
to reduce hyperemia(充血), edema, nasal congestion, open obstructed eustachian tube
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asthma drug
muscarinic antagonist
tiotropium, ipratropium: competitive block muscarinic receptors, preventing bronchoconstriction; also for COPD
antileukotriens
montelukast, zafirlukast: block leukotriene receptor; good for aspirin-induced asthma and exercise-induced asthma
zileuton: 5-lipoxygenase pathway inhibitor; block conversion of arachidonic acid to leukotrienes; hepatotoxic
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mast cell stabilizers
cromolyn, nedocromil: prevent release of inflammatory mediators from mast cells; for prevention of bronchospasm
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β₂-agonists
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salmeterol, formoterol: long-acting agent for prophylaxis
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