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GRAMMAR - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Affirmative :check:
        
        She had met him before the party. :couple:
      - Negative :red_cross:
        
        They lost many of the games because they hadn't practiced enough. :soccer:
      - Question :question:
        
        Had you seen that drawing before he uploaded it? :dragon:
    - - We use the past perfect to refer back to an earlier time in the past and to talk about things that had already happened.
    - - Question :question:
        
        Had + S + past participle? :arrow_right: Yes, + S + had / No, + S + hadn't
      - Negative :red_cross:
        
        S + hadn't + past participle
      - Affirmative :check:
        
        S + had + past participle
  - - - Uses
        
        We use will or won't to refer to future facts, predictions promises and spontaneous decisions.
      - Examples
        
        Negative :red_cross:
        
        She won't arrive home until 8pm tonight. :anguished:
        
        Question :question:
        
        Will they come with us? :family:
        
        Affirmative :check:
        
        We will rock you. :guitar:
      - Structure
        
        Question :question:
        
        Will + S + infinitive? :arrow_right: Yes, + S + will / No, + S + won't
        
        Negative :red_cross:
        
        S + won't + infinitive
        
        Affirmative :check:
        
        S + will + infinitive
    - - Structure
        
        Negative :red_cross:
        
        S + be ('m not/aren't/isn't) + going to + infinitive
        
        Question :question:
        
        Be (am/are/is) + S + going to + infinitive? :arrow_right: Yes, + S + be ('m/'re/'s) / No, + S + be ('m not/aren't/isn't)
        
        Affirmative :check:
        
        S + be ('m/'re/'s) + going to + infinitive
      - Uses
        
        We use be going to for future arrengements and predictions based on evidence.
      - Examples
        
        Negative :red_cross:
        
        Relax, you aren't going to miss the train. :train:
        
        Question :question:
        
        Are you going to watch TV tonight? :tv:
        
        Affirmative :check:
        
        It's going to snow. :snowman:
    - - Uses
        
        We use the present continuous for future intentions.
      - Examples
        
        Affirmative :check:
        
        I'm going to a party tomorrow. :tada:
        
        Negative :red_cross:
        
        I'm not going to the cinema at the weekend. :frowning_face:
        
        Question :question:
        
        What are you doing tonight? :stuck_out_tongue_winking_eye:
      - Structure
        
        Affirmative :check:
        
        S + be ('m/'re/'s) + V-ing
        
        Negative :red_cross:
        
        S + ('m not/aren't/isn't) + V-ing
        
        Question :question:
        
        Be (am/are/is) + S + V-ing? :arrow_right: Yes, + S + be ('m/'re/'s) / No, + S + be ('m not/aren't/isn't)
  - - - Affirmative :check:
        
        S + have/has + past participle
      - Negative :red_cross:
        
        S + haven't/hasn't + past participle
      - Question :question:
        
        Have/Has + S + past participle? :arrow_right: Yes, + S + (have/has) / No, + S + (haven't/hasn't)
    - - We use the present perfect to talk about experiences in the past, when we don't mention the exact time.
      - We also use the present perfect to describe actions that started in the past but are still relevant now, or haven't finished yet.
    - - Negative :red_cross:
        
        They haven't written a letter to their parents. :love_letter:
      - Affirmative :check:
        
        She has lived here all her life. :house_with_garden:
      - Question :question:
        
        Have you ever been to Mexico? :face_with_cowboy_hat:
- - - - We use the first conditional to describe possible situations and their probable results.
    - - Affirmative :check:
        
        If I have enough money, I'll buy some new shoes. :money_mouth_face:
    - - Affirmative :check:
        
        If + S + present simple (condition), S + will + infinitive (consequence) / S + will + infinitive (consequence) + if + S + present simple (condition)
  - - - We use the second conditional to talk about hypothetical situations and their consequences.
    - - Affirmative :check:
        
        If I met the Queen of England, I would ask her for a hamburger. :hamburger:
    - - Affirmative :check:
        
        If + S + past simple (condition), S + would + infinitive (consequence) / S + would + infinitive (consequence) + if + S + past simple (condition)