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The Culture Challenge in International Business - Coggle Diagram
The Culture Challenge in
International Business
What Is Culture?
The finer things in life, such as the fine arts, literature, and philosophy.
The term “cultural universals” refers to the idea that all cultures of the world—despite their many differences—not only face a number of common issues, but also share a number of common characteristics.
Economic Systems
In addition to working out patterned ways of producing basic material goods (or procuring them from the immediate environment), all societies must ensure that these goods are distributed to all those members of society whose very survival depends on receiving them.
Marriage and Family Systems
All societies, in
order to survive, have patterns of childbearing and family institutions.
Educational Institutions
Rather than expecting each new child to rediscover for himself/herself all the accumulated knowledge of the past, a society must have an organized way of passing on its cultural heritage from one generation to another.
The Study of Cultural Differences
Kluckhohn–Strodtbeck framework
compares cultures along six
cultural dimensions.
Hofstede framework
Hofstede
proposes four value dimensions:
Power distance
Uncertainty avoidance
Individualism
Masculinity
Social Control Systems
All societies must develop mechanisms that ensure that most of its people obey most of its laws at least most of the time.
Supernatural Belief Systems
Societies must develop systems
for explaining “unexplainable” occurrences.
Culture and its Elements
Dress and Appearance
Communication and Language
Sense of Self and Space
Food and Feeding Habits
Time and Time Consciousness.
Relationships
Gender.
Beliefs and Attitudes.
Christianity.
Islam.
Hinduism.
Buddhism
Confucianism
Culture in the Workplace
International managers not only must be aware of cultural variables and their effects on behavior in the workplace but also must appreciate cultural diversity and should understand how to build constructive working relationships anywhere in the world.
Cross-cultural Management and Training
A number of cross-cultural management and training issues were presented and a potpourri of practical tips was recommended for international business managers to follow