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遺傳與分子生物學 - Coggle Diagram

- - - - :arrow_left: 2n tetrad (homologous) :arrow_right:
        
        synapsis
        
        linkage & crossing over 選
        
        chromosome map
    - - spermatogonium @ 細精管
      - oogonium
    - - :arrow_left: 1n dyad (sister chromatids) :arrow_right:
  - - - S - DNA rep.
      - G1
      - G2
    - - cytokinesis
        
        細胞膜凹陷 @ animals
        
        cell plate @ plants
      - karyokinesis
        
        mitosis
        
        meiosis
  - - - DNA+ histone = nucleosome
      - nucleosome -> chromatin -> chromosomes
    - - sister chromatids -> dyad
      - homologous chromosomes -> dyad -> tetrad
    - - autosome
      - sex chromosomes
- - - - aneuploidy
        
        唐氏症 (47, +21)
        
        透納氏症 (45, X0)
      - euploidy
        
        香蕉3n
        
        小麥6n
    - - nondisjunction @ meiosis
  - - - 貓叫症候群
    - - 狄蘭吉氏症候群
    - - 第9號染色體短臂倒轉致不孕
    - - 慢性骨髓性白血病
  - - - 影響
        
        slient
        
        missense
        
        nonsense
      - 形式
        
        取代substitution
        
        插入 insertion
        
        缺失
- - - - 切誰
        
        target DNA
        
        DNA ligase
        
        vector
      - 切法
        
        黏端
        
        平端
  - - - 分開2股
    - - DNA 引子鹼基配對
    - - DNA polymerase
- - - - DNA酶
    - - 35S標定蛋白質
      - 32P標定DNA
- - - - 中間型遺傳
        
        金魚草
        
        顯 :forbidden: 隱
        
        incomplete dominance
      - 複等位基因遺傳
        
        人類ABO血型
        
        IA
        
        codominance
        
        IB
        
        i
      - sex-linked inheritance
        
        Xᴱ
        
        紅綠色盲
        
        血友病選
        
        白眼果蠅選
        
        Y
        
        耳孔多毛
      - 多基因遺傳
        
        膚色
        
        連續性
  - - - T>33℃ => 體毛黑色素 :arrow_double_down: