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Geography Sec 2 Transportation - Coggle Diagram
Geography Sec 2 Transportation
Mobility
Is the
movement of people and goods
from a place to place in a reasonable amount of time.
Accessibility
It refers to how
easy or difficult it is to travel
to a destination.
A
Transport network
refers to a system of transport routes connecting a set of nodes
Transport Infrastructure
refers to the facilities that supports our transport system.Such as : bus stops,Bus terminals,Mrt station,Roads ,expressway,railways,ports and airports.
Transport services
refers to services provided to move people and goods from a location to another.This includes:buses,MRT and taxis
A
node
is a place where lines in a network cross or join.
A
route
is the connection between
nodes
Connectivity
refers to how well/poorly linked the transport network is.
A
Dense transport network
is where highly developed and well connected.
Impacts of traffic congestion
Social Impacts
(on people)
reduced Productivity
Traffic congestion reduces productivity as people are stuck in traffic jams.So they are late for work and spend more time on commuting.
Can lead to economical loss for country .
Increases stress on physical and mental health.
(Frustration)
Wen people in traffic Jam it can cause stress which is negative affect their physical and mental health
-Road rage
Loss of concentration
Exposure to exhumation fumes can cause health problems like asthma.
Environmental Impact
(on environment)
Air Pollution
Air Pollution and Carbon Dioxide.
Cars produces
harmful air pollutants
which
Contribute to poor air quality
such as smog which causes difficulty in breathing.
Noise Pollution
Noise pollution due to
Honking cars
frequently.This can trigger frustration,heart diseases,High blood pressure and mental illness.
Characteristics of Quality Infrastructure
Comfortable Large Capacity
Efficient
Dependable
Safe
What is traffic Congestion?
Traffic congestion is where there are more vehicles than the road can handle..
Characteristics of Traffic congestion
Reduced Mobility
Slow travelling speeds
Large number of queues
More waiting time
Where is traffic found in the city?
CBD
(Central District Area)
Many people commute from CBD
It is well connected and caters high pedestrian and vesicular flow.
I t is located in the central part of Singapore.Have highest MRT stations and bus interchanges.
Strategies to overcome traffic congestion
Making public transport the commuters' choice
Integrated public transport system
Challenges
Need planing and cost
It may not be feasible in all countries
Necessary to ensure that the public transport system continues to function and serve the population while undergoing and upgrading works
In a short run this can cause inconvenience to peoples lives and possible disruptions.
Benefits
In the long run, this will make commuting more convenient, accessible and efficient.
People can rely on the different modes of transportation to get to a place quickly.
Bus lane schemes
Challenges
Road users must comply with the rules
Lanes may lead to traffic congestion for privater car users
Benefits
Buses enter and exit bus stops smoothly and quickly,Providing faster and uninterrupted journeys.
buses will arrive an schedule more often even during peak hours.
Expansion of rail networks
Challenges
Affected residents and business will have to bare with the construction noise or give up their property to make way for the new lines.
Benefits
Trains have very large capacity and can transport more people each time
Increased Capacity and frequency of buses and rail.
Challenges
Increasing the frequency and capacity of buses and trains could be costly
Benefits
More people to be transported to places and within a short time.
Managing Road usage
Road pricing
Challenges
Traffic Congestion
People may want to pay for the scheme
Benefits
People may not want to drive during peak hours.
Increased parking fees
Challanges
People may chose to go tho another route
Benefits
It will encourage people to take public transport
Enhanced traffic Monitoring
Challenges
People can chose alternative routes.
Benefits
The live information can provide drivers with updates
Other Strategies
Telecommuting
Challenges
Such work arrangements may not be possible for all types of jobs.
Benefits
People do not need to travel out of residential areas to go to work. This reduces the number of drivers and public transport passengers during peak hours.
Encourage cycling
Challenges
It may be dangerous for cyclists because cycling lanes are very near motor vehicles on the road
Benefits
Cycling is a mode of transport that provides flexibility and mobility.
Traffic Congestion
Impacts
air pollution
Economical Productivity
Noise Pollution
Stress,Mental Health issues
Problem
More Vehicles than the road can handle
Longer Travelling times
Causes
Peak Hour
Density of rail network
Number of vehicles
CBD
CLEDS
Solution
Bus Lane Scheme
ERP
Increase density of rail net work
ITH-Integrated transport hub