Geography Sec 2 Transportation

Mobility

Is the movement of people and goods from a place to place in a reasonable amount of time.

Accessibility

It refers to how easy or difficult it is to travel to a destination.

A Transport networkrefers to a system of transport routes connecting a set of nodes

Transport Infrastructure

refers to the facilities that supports our transport system.Such as : bus stops,Bus terminals,Mrt station,Roads ,expressway,railways,ports and airports.

Transport services

refers to services provided to move people and goods from a location to another.This includes:buses,MRT and taxis

A node is a place where lines in a network cross or join.

A route is the connection between nodes

Connectivity

refers to how well/poorly linked the transport network is.

A Dense transport network is where highly developed and well connected.

Impacts of traffic congestion

Social Impacts (on people)

reduced Productivity

Traffic congestion reduces productivity as people are stuck in traffic jams.So they are late for work and spend more time on commuting.

Can lead to economical loss for country .

Increases stress on physical and mental health.(Frustration)

Wen people in traffic Jam it can cause stress which is negative affect their physical and mental health

-Road rage

Loss of concentration

Exposure to exhumation fumes can cause health problems like asthma.

Characteristics of Quality Infrastructure

Comfortable Large Capacity
Efficient
Dependable
Safe

What is traffic Congestion?

Traffic congestion is where there are more vehicles than the road can handle..

Characteristics of Traffic congestion

Reduced Mobility

Slow travelling speeds

Large number of queues

More waiting time

Where is traffic found in the city?

CBD (Central District Area)

Many people commute from CBD

It is well connected and caters high pedestrian and vesicular flow.

I t is located in the central part of Singapore.Have highest MRT stations and bus interchanges.

Environmental Impact(on environment)

Air Pollution

Air Pollution and Carbon Dioxide.

Cars produces harmful air pollutants which Contribute to poor air quality such as smog which causes difficulty in breathing.

Noise Pollution

Noise pollution due to Honking cars frequently.This can trigger frustration,heart diseases,High blood pressure and mental illness.

Strategies to overcome traffic congestion

Making public transport the commuters' choice

Managing Road usage

Other Strategies

Integrated public transport system

Bus lane schemes

Expansion of rail networks

Increased Capacity and frequency of buses and rail.

Road pricing

Increased parking fees

Enhanced traffic Monitoring

Telecommuting

Encourage cycling

Challenges

Need planing and cost

It may not be feasible in all countries

Necessary to ensure that the public transport system continues to function and serve the population while undergoing and upgrading works

In a short run this can cause inconvenience to peoples lives and possible disruptions.

Benefits

In the long run, this will make commuting more convenient, accessible and efficient.

People can rely on the different modes of transportation to get to a place quickly.

Challenges

Road users must comply with the rules

Lanes may lead to traffic congestion for privater car users

Benefits

Buses enter and exit bus stops smoothly and quickly,Providing faster and uninterrupted journeys.

buses will arrive an schedule more often even during peak hours.

Challenges

Affected residents and business will have to bare with the construction noise or give up their property to make way for the new lines.

Benefits

Trains have very large capacity and can transport more people each time

Challenges

Increasing the frequency and capacity of buses and trains could be costly

Benefits

click to edit

More people to be transported to places and within a short time.

Challenges

Traffic Congestion

People may want to pay for the scheme

Benefits

People may not want to drive during peak hours.

Challanges

People may chose to go tho another route

Benefits

It will encourage people to take public transport

Challenges

People can chose alternative routes.

Benefits

The live information can provide drivers with updates

Challenges

Such work arrangements may not be possible for all types of jobs.

Benefits

People do not need to travel out of residential areas to go to work. This reduces the number of drivers and public transport passengers during peak hours.

Challenges

It may be dangerous for cyclists because cycling lanes are very near motor vehicles on the road

Benefits

Cycling is a mode of transport that provides flexibility and mobility.

Traffic Congestion

Impacts

Problem

Causes

Solution

Peak Hour

Density of rail network

Number of vehicles

CBD

CLEDS

air pollution

Economical Productivity

Noise Pollution

Stress,Mental Health issues

More Vehicles than the road can handle

Longer Travelling times

Bus Lane Scheme

ERP

Increase density of rail net work

ITH-Integrated transport hub