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10.0 Human Motivation II: Beliefs and perception, 10.2 Beliefs about…
10.0 Human Motivation II: Beliefs and perception
10.1 Beliefs about knowing
10.2 Beliefs about ability
10.3 Beliefs about causes and control
10.4 Beliefs about self-worth
10.2 Beliefs about ability
Entity view of ability: ability is a stable (unchangeable) and uncontrollable trait
-Incremental view of ability: ability is unstable/ changeable and controllable
10.4 Beliefs about self-worth
• Self-worth: Self-esteem (how one value oneself)
• Three kinds of motivational sets:
– Mastery-oriented students
• Tend to value achievement and see ability as improvement
• Focus on mastery goals, rather than performance goals
• Not afraid of failure
– Failure-avoiding students
• Tend to hold entity view of ability
• Focus on performance goals
• Avoid failures, take minimal risks
• Can lead to failure-accepting state
– Failure-accepting students
• Bad performance is equated with low ability
10.1 Beliefs about knowing
Epistemological beliefs
Structure of knowledge-Stability/ certainty of knowledge
Ability to learn
Speed of learning
Nature of learning
10.3 Beliefs about causes and control
• Every cause of successes or failures can be characterized in terms of three dimensions:
• Locus (location of the cause: internal or external to the person)
• Stability (whether it is the same across time or different in different situation)
• Controllability (whether the person can control the cause)