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Cold War - Coggle Diagram
Cold War
Leaders and Nations
Truman (April 12, 1945- January 20, 1953): Had a role in starting the Cold War. His Truman Doctrine in 1947 had many anti-Soviet rhetoric. This increased American and Soviet tension between both nations. Many Americans started to develop anti-soviet ideas again. He created the National Security Act of 1947. This was an effort to fight communism.
Khrushchev (1955- 1964): He was the Premier of the Soviet Union for the majority of the Cold War. Primarily its early stages. He abandoned aggressive Stalin fear tactics and tried cooperation with the West. After an American spy plane crashed in Soviet territory, Khrushchev ignored diplomatic talks with the United States. Was responsible for Berlin Blockade and Cuban Missile Crisis.
Cold War Impact
Cuba: After Fidel Castro became leader of Cuba, The U.S. ended trade with him. This caused Castro to befriend The U.S.'s enemy: The USSR/ Khrushchev. This led to a U.S. attack to overthrow Castro. Bay of Pigs, but it failed. He allowed the Soviets to give him nuclear weapons to scare the U.S. This led to naval blockade and increased tension between all parties involved.
Germany: The Cold War left the nation of Germany split in two. This was to eliminate any chance pf Germany becoming an international aggressor again. Eastern Germany was influence by The Soviet Union while the west was allied forces mostly the U.S. This led to two Berlin Crisis. Families and friends were split up because of the Cold War.
Rivalry, Mistrust and Accord
The US, USSR and China-superpower relations (1947-1962)
Containment: A United States policy used to contain the spread of communism. This was the Marshall Plan. As long as the ideology of Communism was stuck in it's respective space in East Europe, places already communist, then the U.S. would back down. The Marshall Plan also stated the U.S. would step in if Communism was spread to free nations.
Peaceful Co-existence: This is an idea that both ideologies, Capitalism/Democracy and Communism, can live in peace. This is the opposite of Lenin's theory of inevitable war between both parties.
Sino-Soviet relations: Khrushchev took a softer line on the West, suggesting that “peaceful coexistence” between communist and capitalist nations was possible. This view was unacceptable to Mao and the CCP, whose foreign policy revolved around anti-Western, anti-American propaganda.
The breakdown of the grand alliance and the emergence of superpower rivalry in Europe and Asia (1943-1949)
role of ideology
The Soviets believed their ideology was the best. The idea of capitalism was wrong because there were class systems. Leading to death and starvation. True communism leads to equality for all people. Meanwhile, The U.S. loved capitalism. The poor can become rich and the rich can become poor. It meant freedom for all people. Unlike communism which needs a dictator, capitalism relies on democracy.
fear and aggression
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Feared American aggression if the Soviets increased their spread of communism across the World. This was seen through the American Marshall Plan.
economic interests
Both America and the Soviet Union had a flourishing economy post-WW2. The U.S. needed to trade with capitalist nations. With the increase of communist nations, the American economy would become threatened.
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