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Topic 8: Acids and Bases, conjugate base 1, conjugate base 2 - Coggle…

- - - - proton donors
      - Must contain H+
      - acid + base = salt + water
    - - proton acceptor
        
        Protons can be represented as
        
        H+ (aq)
        
        H3O+ (aq)
      - Must have a lone pair of electrons to accept a proton
  - - - Acid
        
        produces H+ ions
        
        Strong acids
        
        1< pH < 4
        
        Good conductors
        
        fully dissociate
        
        Weak acids
        
        4 < pH > 7
        
        Poor conductors
        
        patially dissociate
        
        Measured in pH
        
        give distinct color when an indicator is added
        
        Acid + base = salt + water
        
        ex
        
        HCl + NaOH = H2O + NaCl.
        
        acid + metal -> salt + hydrogen
        
        ex
        
        2HCl + Mg = MgCl2 + H2.
        
        acid + metal carbonates / metal hydrogencarbonate = salt + water + CO2
        
        ex
        
        2HCl + CaCO3 = CO2 + H2O + CaCl2
      - produces OH- ions
      - Strong base
        
        10 < pH < 14
        
        Fully desociates
        
        Lower equilibrium constant
      - Weak base
        
        7 < pH < 10
        
        Doesn't fully desociate
        
        Higher equilibrium constant
      - Measured in pOH
      - give disting color when an indicator is added
  - - - Can donate or acept H+
  - - - electron pair tranfer
      - with or without proton transfer
      - exothermic
  - - - alcali and alcali earth and transition metals
    - - non metals
    - - metaloids
- - - - OH-(aq)
        
        =
        
        HCO3- (aq)
        
        +
        
        H2O (l)