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Hypoglycemia - Coggle Diagram
Hypoglycemia
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Medical interventions
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15g of carbohydrate, wait 15 minutes, then retest. If patients condition does not improve, administer another 15g of carbohydrate
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Patient education
Patient should follow a low carb, high protein diet
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Simple sugars should be avoided, complex sugars should be encouraged
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Patient should engage in exercise daily, at the same time, and with the same intensity. Blood glucose should be recorded and after activity
Nursing interventions
Implement safety precautions; rails up in bed, bed in low, locked position, call light near
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Pathophysiology
Hypoglycemia occurs when there is some type of abnormality occuring with available glucagon, insulin levels, or secretion of growth hormone and cortisol. Hypoglycemia typically occurs when blood glucose levels drop below 70 mg/dL, however symptoms can occur at certain level and with differing tolerances.
Hypoglycemia can be either exogenous, endogenous, or functional. Exogenous can occur from outside factors acting on the body to produce low glucose. Endogenous hypoglycemia occurs when internal factors cause excessive secretions of insulin, or there is an increase of glucose in the metabolism. Functional hypoglycemia may result from a variety of causes such as gastric surgery, malnutrition, and fasting.