Please enable JavaScript.

Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.

Jimenez_Zacatenco_Paw_ColdWar - Coggle Diagram

- - - - USA feared ussr increasingly expansionist and the Marshall plan made Stalin look crazy The Marshall Plan was an adoption of containment (aggressive policy) which involves the use of 'unalterable force' (military) against expansion of communism
        
        USSR feared invasion from Germany due to high reparations, aggression was eventual takeover of central and Eastern Europe into satellite states
    - - USA: wanted Open-door policy and capitalism and wanted more business partners in the new world
        
        USSR: wanted communism/ command economy and interpreted Marshall plan as a US ploy to defend post-war left wing gains against imperialist threat and enroachment there was an attempt to tie European countries under American influence 1947 USSR's intervention in preventing satellite countries from joining Marshal Plan
    - - USA:Liberal democracy - Truman Doctrine : "defense of the free world against communist subversion and coercion" Capitalism:Marshall Plan
        
        USSR:Stalinism - isolationist and expansionism for security
    - - US: Tightly related to Truman Doctrine—assume leadership as protector of freedom and to defend the free world against communist subversion and coercion
      - presumably tied to security --> land (ideology) and Stalin an attempt to drive Allies out of Berlin so, Stalin also broke Potsdam agreement by depriving living essentials of German people
  - - - dont want WWIII; they could compete in other areas
        
        -medal count: USSR summer Olympics 1956
        
        -space race/technical
        
        -austria treaty 1955 -Summit meetings in Geneva 1954 -US summit 1959 -destalinization 1956: Khrushchev denounced Stalin
    - - Sino-Soviet Split-1968 Czech Coup: China condemned Soviet actions in Czech -PRC government recognized power
        
        -Korean War: 1950-53 - PRC fought at request of Stalin
        
        -1953-59: begin of breakdown of Sino-Soviet relations (competition bw Khrushchev and Stalin)
        
        -1956 Destalinization: Mao felt targeted by Khrushchev
        
        -1960-70: Sino Soviet Split: -PRC condemned USSR for pulling missiles out of Cuba
        
        Sino-American Relations -1949-69 US and PRC hated eachother -1970-79 Detente towards PRC -1971 Ping-Pong Diplomacy: Kissinger went to PRC secretly and set up meeting for Nixon to visit-1972 Nixon visited PRC
    - - Massive Retaliation: spend money on nukes and not on conventional forces because US wont keep fighting a series of proxy wars
      - 1953: push back communism -problem: fight back from USSR & nuke war
        
        -Korea 1953
        
        -East Germany workers strike 1953
        
        -Hungary Revolt 1956
      - Eisenhower and Dulles: viewed communism as evil and they wanted to stop the spread of it
- - - - (Vienna Summit, Bay of Pigs, Cuban Missile Crisis, increases military advisers to Vietnam) Kennedys impact was on the relationship between the USA, soviets, and Cuba. Due to failure in the bays of big, the cuban missile crisis happened. Tension arises and the summit meeting decided the fate of the countries. There was no nuclear war starting and that was discussed.
    - - Specifically, the Berlin Wall was used to separate Germany into the east and west. The wall was kept a secret and family and friends were divided. He demanded Berlin should be demilitarized and wanted western troops to withdraw and become a free city. He threatened to turn in authority to east Germany GDR. This affected relationships between different countries as well as affecting the economy of the east.
  - - - Communist Party came to power after the Chinese civil war; People's Republic of China established 1949; China became communist. China fought alongside with North Korea in the Korean War. After the Korea War, china became isolated from USA; China's reputation grew greatly. However, tensions grew with USSR when Stalin was reluctant throughout the war to help Mao with military commitments.
    - - 38th Parallel: Korea got divided in two, the North was a Soviet occupation zone led by communist Kim Il Sung, while in the South Syngman Rhee led a brutal authoritarian, but non-communist, government out of Seoul under the US' occupation zone.
      - Korean War: North Korea invaded South Korea; US troops were sent to South Korea against North Korea. While later China joined North Korea. After the war, there was tensions between North Korea and USA; North Korea remained under communist control; caused globalization of the cold war; led to militarization of the cold war
- - - - After this Fidel Castro joined the soviets to create a sense of safety and protection. The Soviets helped Cuba by giving them nuclear weapons while it was kept a secret from the United States.
      - The Bay of Pig invasion 1959 was Cuban refugees landing in Cuba and attempts to overthrow the communist government of Fidel Castro. The attack was an utter failure which led to the Cuban Missile Crisis .
      - The U2 spy plane flights over Cuba then increased tension on October 1962. The US saw what Cuba and the soviets had been keeping secret and this caused tension as well.
      - Kennedy and Khrushchev came to the conclusion that the bases could lead them into a nuclear war. Therefore, Khrushchev ended up removing the missiles from Cuba in efforts to avoid war while asking America not to invade Cuba again. Soviets saw it as a win while Khrushchev was a repercussion of the crisis. He was not seen to make the best decisions and in August 1963 signed the Partial Nuclear Test Ban Treaty to avoid any testing of weapons.
    - - Historians saw the blockade as a failure. It increased Cold War tensions and made the USSR look to the rest of the world like a cruel and capricious enemy.
      - After the blockade was taken away, the US , France, Britain, and soviets decided that each former WWII allies governed its own sector and had free access to all. other sectors. It took several more months for the West Berlin economy to recover and the necessary stockpiles of food, medicine, and fuel to be attained.
      - The Berlin Blockade (24 June 1948 – 12 May 1949) was when the Soviet Union blocked the US, Great Britain, and France from using the railway, road, and canal access to the sectors of Berlin under Western control.