METABOLIC SYNDROME (MetS)
Cluster of metabolic abnormalities
Hypertension
Obesity
Insulin resistance
Atherogenic dyslipidemia
Insulin resistance syndrome
Syndrome X
Hypertriglyceridemic waist
The deadly quartet
also known as
Visceral adiposity
Primary trigger for most pathways involved in MetS
Neurohormonal activation
Chronic inflammation
Insulin resistance
Insulin-mediated inhibition of lypolisis
Increase of free fatty acids
Protein kinase activation in the muscle
leading to
impairs
they inhibit
Increased production of TNF-α by the macrophages
Increased leptin levels and reduced adiponectin levels
Increased cardiovascular risk
Increased production of angiotensin II
Activates NADHP oxidase
Generation of ROS
Endothelial injury, platelet aggregation, etc.
it precipitates
Phosphorylation and inactivation of insulin receptors in the adipose tissue
Increased production of IL-6
Liver, bone marrow, endothelium
Increased production of acute phase reactants
which acts
leading to
C-reactive protein
such as
Reduction of glucose uptake
leading to