Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Gastrointestinal pharmacology - Coggle Diagram
Gastrointestinal pharmacology
Histamine-2 blocker
for peptic ulcer, gastritis, mild esophageal reflux
reversible block of histamine H₂-receptors→↓H⁺ secretion by parietal cells
proton pump inhibitors
for peptic ulcer, gastritis, esophageal reflux, Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, H.pylori
↑ risk of C.difficile
irreversibly inhibit H/K ATPase in stomach perietal cell
antacid
problems
aluminum hydroxide: constipation, hypophosphatemia, proximal muscle weakness, osteodystrophy, seizure
calcium carbonate: hypercalcemia
magnesium hydroxide: diarrhea, hyporeflexia, hypotension, cardiac arrst
affect absorption, bioavailability, urinary excretion of other drug, can cause hypokalemia
bismuth, sucralfate
bind to ulcer base, providing physical protection and allowing HCO₃⁻ secretion
for ulcer, traveler's diarrhea
misoprostol
NSAIDs-induced peptic ulcer, induction of labor
contraindicated in women of childbearing potential
PGE₁ analog, ↑production and secretion of gastric mucous barrier, ↓acid production
octreotide
acute variceal bleeds, acromegaly, VIPoma, carcinoid tumors
long-acting somatostatin analog
sulfasalazine
for ulcerative colitis, Crohn disease
combination of sulfapyridine and 5-aminosalicylic acid
loperamide
for diarrhea
agonist at μ-opioid receptors; slow gut motility
ondansetron
control vomiting
5-HT₃ antagonist, ↓vagal stimulation, antiemetic(制吐剤)
metoclopramide
diabetic and postsurgery gastroparesis, antiemetic, persistent GERD
D₂ receptor antagonist, ↑resting tone, contractility, LES tone, motility, gastric emptying
orlistat
for weight loss
inhibit gastric and pancreatic lipase
laxative
for constipation
bulk-forming laxatives
osmotic laxatives
stimulants
emollients
aprepitant
antiemetic
substance P antagonist, block NK receptors in brain