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CELL CYCLE REGULATION - Coggle Diagram
CELL CYCLE REGULATION
G1
Cyclin D
is synthesized and drives the G1 S phase transition
Cyclin D
binds with CDK 4 and 6, which can partially phosphorylate Retinoblastoma Tumour Suppressor Protein (RB). [The RB is bounded to the E2F (transcription factor)]
Causing RB to loosens its grip on E2F. Allowing E2F to signal the transcription of
Cyclin E
.
Cyclin E
binds with CDK2 Complex, which fully phosphorylate RB completely releasing E2F.
Cyclin E
phosphorylate p27^Kip1 (inhibitor of Cyclin D) tags it for degradation, which causes
Cyclin D
to stop.
Promotes expression of
Cyclin A
CDK2 binds with
Cyclin A
. This stops E2F process of removing CCRE.
S Phase
[
Cyclin A
resides in the nucleus which directs the initiation and replication of DNA replication, ensures single copy of DNA, and no replication complex.]
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Regulates DNA replication by phosphorylating certain DNA replication machinery components.
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Late in the
S Phase
,
Cyclin A
binds with CDK1.
Cyclin A
is replaced by
Cyclin B
.
Cyclin A
assists in activation and stabilization of
Cyclin B
CDK1 Complex.
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E2F removes cell cycle responsive element from the promoter
Cyclin E
initiates the pre-replication complex. [Needed for DNA replication and forms at origin or replication]