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CHAPTER 8: LANDFILL AND LANDFILL DESIGN …
CHAPTER 8: LANDFILL AND LANDFILL DESIGN
:star:
Introduction
:pancakes::
Waste Land Disposal
:<3:Attenuate and disperse sites (dumping site/rubbish pit)
:fountain_pen: traditional form of landfilling
:fountain_pen: Attenuation mechanisms: dilution and dispersion through pores and micro fissures into underlying saturated zero
:fountain_pen: Impossible to monitor or track the leachate pollutants
:<3:Containment sites (sanitary/MSW landfill)
:pen: Wastes, leachate and gas are
isolated
from the surrounding environment
:fountain_pen: Containment is achieved either by
natural clay
bottom liners or
synthetic
liners or a combination
:fountain_pen: Facilities
leachate and gas collection
and removal are installed and regular monitoring is possible
:pancakes:
Types of landfill
:<3: Conventional Landfill for commingled MSW
:fountain_pen: Mostly in the world designed for commingled MSW
:fountain_pen: In class III Landfill, limited amounts of non-hazardous industrial waste and sludge from water and wastewater treatment plants are also accepted
:fountain_pen: Native soil is used as intermediate and final cover material
:<3: Landfill for milled solid wastes
:fountain_pen: Shredded waste can be placed at up to 35% greater density and some without daily cover since blowing waste, odors, flies and rates not signification problems
:fountain_pen: Less soil cover is used because shredded waste can be compacted tighter and more uniform surface
:fountain_pen: Shredded waste can also be used to produce compost which can be used as intermediate cover material
:<3: Monofills for designated or specialized wastes
:fountain_pen: Purpose is to isolate from materials placed in MSW Landfill
:fountain_pen: Combustion ash monofill may have odor problem due to reduction of sulfate - gas recovery system is recommended
:<3: Other types of landfill
:fountain_pen: Landfill designed to maximize gas production
:fountain_pen: Landfill as integrated treatment units
:green_cross:
Landfill in Malaysia
:lollipop:
Types of Landfill
:bug: Hazardous Waste Landfill
:cactus: Disposal facility
:cactus: Treatment
:cactus: Storage
:cactus: must be appropriately permitted
:bug:Inert Waste Landfill
:cactus:
Acceptable Waste
to be disposed such as Construction Waste, Soil, Tyres, Garden Waste and any types of non-leaching waste
:cactus:
Non Acceptable Waste
such as Domestic Waste, Toxic Waste, Fluid Waste, Schedule Waste and Condemned Food Waste
:bug: Open Dumping Landfill
:cactus: Does not protect the environment
:cactus: Susceptible to open burning
:cactus: Exposed to the scavengers
:bug:Sanitary Landfill
:cactus: New Scientific Technique
:cactus: Purpose - treat wastes in an environment-friendly way
:cactus: Guarantee protection
:Cactus: types of solid waste
:no_entry:
Siting Consideration
:fish_cake:
Factors
:umbrella_with_rain_drops: Available land area
:umbrella_with_rain_drops: Haul distance
:umbrella_with_rain_drops: Soil conditions and topography
:umbrella_with_rain_drops:Surface water hydrology
:umbrella_with_rain_drops: Geologic and hydrogeology conditions
:umbrella_with_rain_drops: Climatologic conditions
:umbrella_with_rain_drops:Local environmental conditions
:umbrella_with_rain_drops: Ultimate use of site
:fish_cake:
Landfill Site Selection
:umbrella_with_rain_drops: Phase 1: Site rating process (negative mapping)
:umbrella_with_rain_drops: Phase 2: Identification of site areas (positive areas)
:umbrella_with_rain_drops: Phase 3: Site investigation
:umbrella_with_rain_drops: Phase 4: Final decision
:fish_cake:
Landfill Design
:umbrella_with_rain_drops: Closure design
:umbrella_with_rain_drops: Landfill Design
:umbrella_with_rain_drops: Runoff collection
:umbrella_with_rain_drops: Filling design
:umbrella_with_rain_drops: Drainage design
:umbrella_with_rain_drops: Leachate collection and gas collection
:umbrella_with_rain_drops: Liner design
:umbrella_with_rain_drops: Foundation design
:juggling:
Landfill Operations and Management
:rose:
Covering Operations
:snowflake: Begins after or concurrently with tipping and compaction operations
:snowflake: Helps to protect the full range of environmental management objectives
:rose: Types of Covering
:snowflake: Daily operations: Carried out after the daily portion of tipping
:snowflake: Intermediate Operation: Carried out as the landfill progresses helps in reducing leachate. No dump will be raised more than 10 meters.
:snowflake: Final Covering Operation: It is laid when the cell is full and depends on the future purpose of the site. A minimum cover thickness of 60 cm
:explode:
Leachate Management
:smiley:
Definition of Leachate
:open_mouth: As liquid that has percolated through waste and has extracted dissolved or suspended materials from it.
:open_mouth: Arises from the biochemical and physical breakdown of wastes
:open_mouth: Composed of liquid produced from the decomposition of the waste and liquid
:smiley:
Leachate Treatment
:open_mouth: Biological
:open_mouth: Activated Sludge
:open_mouth: Aerated Lagoons
:open_mouth: Anaerobic
:smiley: Powdered Activated Sludge
:smiley:
Advantages
:open_mouth:Lowest cost
:open_mouth: Prevents public disturbances
:open_mouth: New habitat for wildlife
:open_mouth:Potential for fertilizer production
:cloud:
Landfill Gas Management
:house_buildings:
Definition
: A product of the degradation of biodegradable waste (any organic matter that can be broken down by microorganisms such as paper, wood or food stuffs.
:house_buildings:
Factors
:flower_playing_cards: Waste input rate
:flower_playing_cards: Ambient pH
:flower_playing_cards: Ambient temperature
:flower_playing_cards: Waste density (closely or loosely packed)
:flower_playing_cards: The specific site management strategy/strategies
:house_buildings:
Gas Collection
:carousel_horse: Passive gas Collection System
:carousel_horse: Active Gas Collection System
