Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Chapter 8: Landfill, Picture2, Picture4, Picture3, Picture5, Picture6,…
Chapter 8: Landfill
-
Types
Commingle MSW
-
Limited amounts of non-hazardous industrial waste and sludge from water and wastewater treatment plants are accepted.
-
Abandoned or closed landfills can be reused to recover material materials and using decomposed residue as daily cover to increase landfill capacity.
Milled solid waste
Shredded waste can be placed up to 35% greater density and some without daily cover since blowing waste, odors, flies and rats are not significant problems.
-
-
-
-
Definition
A method of disposing solid waste on land without creating nuisance or hazard to public health or safety
Utilising engineering principles to confine waste to smallest practical area and to reduce it to smallest practical volume and cover it with a layer of earth at the conclusion of each day's operation or at such more frequent intervals as may be necessary.
Landfill in Malaysia
More than 256 landfill sites in Malaysia. 111 Landfills were closed and 150 landfills are still active in operation.
-
-
Construction
-
Phase
- Land is excavated to within 3 feet of the top of the water table.
- A compacted clay or synthetic liner is added that prevents contaminants from seeping into the groundwater.
- Installation leachate collection system
- A geosynthetic liner is installed which will help to stabilize waste.
- A sloped, sand drainage layer is installed which will drain liquids away from waste into leachate collection system.
- Landfill is opened and solid waste is deposited. New waste is spread and compacted every 6 feet. A soil or synthetic liner is added daily to prevent waste from blowing and to limit pests.
- Install groundwater and gas monitoring wells. New wells are drilled into full waste cell throughout the active life of landfill.
- Final syabilizing soil layer is place over compacted solid waste.
- Clay cap is installed to prevents water from filtering into landfill. About 3 feet thick with permeability of 10^-7 centimetre per second.
- Installation of geosynthetic cap which additional protection against water filtration.
- A sand drainage layer is installed to drain rainwater away from the waste.
- A layer of topsoil is added to promote plant growth.
- Plant grass and other short rooted plants to prevent erosion of landfill surface.
- Construct methane recovery building and uses landfill gas released during degradation to generate electricity for the facility.
Leachate Generation
Liquid that has percolated through waste and has extracted dissolved or suspended materials from it.
-
-
-
-
-
On site treatment
-
-
-
Methods
-
-
Wetland system
-
Filtration, adsorption and reaction with soil, root and bacteria
-
-
-
Method
-
Canyon/ Depression
Technique of waste placement and compaction vary with geometry of site, characteristics of available cover material, hydrology and geology, type of leachate and gas control facilities and access to site.
-
-
Operation and management
-
-
-
-
-
-
Factors
-
Waste placement, techniques, phasing and supervision
-
Facility, buildings and roads
-
-
-
-
Reaction in Landfill 
Gas generation
Product of the degradation of biodegradable waste. Contain 45% to 605 CH4 ,40% to 60% CO2 and small amounts on N2, O2, NH3 S2,H,CO and non-methane organic compounds.
-
Rate and quantity depends on: Waste input rate, ambient pH, ambient temperature, waste density and site management strategies.
-
-
Odor control
Odor come from Methane, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide and ammonia.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Generated when water percolates through landfill that contains large amount of organic and non-organic pollutants.
Produced from the interaction of waste and rainfall also contains trace amounts of chemical pollutants, heavy metals, dissolved and colloidal solids and various pathogens that can potentially contaminate groundwater and surface water.