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russia/ soviet union under Lenin - Coggle Diagram
russia/ soviet union under Lenin
NEP (1921-1927/28)
small business and private trade are now allowed again
grain requisitioning abolished (monitory tax)
can sell surplus
state control of heavy industry
political repression (GPU)
results: emergence of nepmen and growth of kulaks, economic recovery, limited progress (socialism), scissors crisis, insufficient grain for export, persistence of poor outcomes for urban workers
culture and society
aggressive atheism
1922 attack on church
belief persists
radically liberal approach to women and family
limited benefit to women
education reform
aim to increase literacy (not very successful)
political control of arts
key people
lenin
political members (Trotsky, stalin, zinoview and kamenev, rykov and tomsky, bukharin)
white army generals (wrangle, yudenich, kolchak, denikin)
Felix dzerchinsky is a head of Cheka
power struggle
1924 death of Lenin starts it off
preceded by illness
concerns about stalin , written in his testament
not made public
key ideas
'permanent revolution' (end NEP, forced industrialisation)
socialism in one country (Stalin) - centred , flexible , patriotic
fear of dictator emerging (concern about Trotsky, stalin underestimated as mediocre bureaucrat)
reasons for stalin emerging as leader
mistake of other and underestimated
ban on factionalism
luck
power in party structures
tactics- said he was Lenin's successor
flexible, centrist ideology
oct rev
centralisation and consolidation
politburo hold the power
1921 ban of factionalism
power moves from government institution to party organisations
nomenklatura system (people promoted based on party loyalty)