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Crosland’s views on social democracy - Coggle Diagram
Crosland’s views on social democracy
Collective Ownership
Britain was no longer a capitalist society like it has been in the 19th century
abandoned laissez faire economics = state more involved
production decisions made by managers = factory owners can exploit workers
trade unions gave power and influence to workers
team work was the new norm
Great Depression 1929-41 eroded people’s belief on
Smith's
invisible hand
rise in living standards = less binary between classes
equal distribution of personal income
Collective ownership of Property
He challenged the idea that nationalism and collective ownership were still key to securing a socialist future and that ownership of property had become an obsession
focus should be on tackling inequalities in society
Britain was no longer a peasants crafts society therefore the ideals needed to be updated and recognised
Crosland compared both UK and USSR to show increased government ownership had not increased worker rights or overall equality in fact uk eco management provided for these concerns without total nationalisation
believed there still remained a strong case for public ownership = not right for all aspects of the British economy
Inequality bred resentment and overall was inefficient
Inequality was an offence to society and social justice
Rich still had wealth = head start = more influence and power in business and politics
Inequality in the uk also offends against social justice
unequal opportunity
unearned wealth
concentrated power
overvalued talent
Attlee gov 1945-51 achievements
national insurance 1946
national assistance 1948
national health service 1948
transport & electricity act 1947
He argued society could be more socialist and the state should be key to this like providing health, education, welfare etc. To such a height standard that no inequality remains
Education system
Central to inequality as Minister of Education he could directly address this
Arguing, ‘The school system in Britain remains the most divisive unjust and wasteful of all the aspects of social inequality’
Only the best schools were open to the rich = poor couldn’t access = unequal outcome
criticised 11+ examinations
challenged the state school system
Solution = modern
Comprehensive School System
which is utilised today teaching all pupils of all abilities and backgrounds
Employers no longer consider the place of education = remove barriers that supported the elite
Labour had education as the priority
Redistribution of wealth
Argued a capitalist system could successfully manage to deliver social justice and equality
More needed to be done to redistribution/tax wealth that was inherited/gifted
Questioned if highest salaries were touched ensure the most talented and gifted remained in profession
More could be done without nationalisation eg/
corporation tax
higher personal tax
statutory limits
State should be ready to use its power when
‘ Private and Social cost diverge