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Biological Molecules - Coggle Diagram
Biological Molecules
Carbohydrates
consist of carbon , hydrogen and oxygen
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TEST
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Reducing sugars are detected using Benedict’s solution.Benedict’s solution gradually turns from blue to cloudy orange or brick red when heated with a reducing sugar.
Sucrose is a non-reducing sugar and does not react with Benedict’s solution.
Important polysaccharides include:
Fats
=> Most fats (lipids) in the body are made up of triglycerides.
=> Their basic unit is one glycerol and three fatty acids.
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Protein
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Amino acids can be arranged in any order, resulting in thousands of different proteins.
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Nucleic Acid (DNA)
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EXPERIMENT
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• Pour this saltwater into the bag, and close the bag. Gently mix and slosh the saltwater and mashed banana together for 30 to 45 seconds.
• Add a half of a teaspoon of dishwashing detergent or dish soap into the bag. Again, mix around the contents gently. You do not want the mixture to become too foamy.
• Place the bottom half of a coffee filter in a clear glass cup. The top part of the filter should be folded over the rim of the glass to keep it in place.
• Carefully pour the contents of the bag into the filter and let it sit for several minutes until all of the liquid has dripped down into the cup. (You can now throw out the coffee filter and its contents.)
• Take the rubbing alcohol from the refrigerator. Tilt the glass and slowly pour the alcohol down the side of the cup until there is a layer that is 2.5 to five centimeters (one to two inches) thick. You want to keep the alcohol and the liquefied banana as separate as possible, so complete this step slowly.
• Let this two-layered mixture sit for eight minutes. During this time, what do you see happening between the alcohol and the banana liquid layer? It looks cloudy and may have some tiny bubbles in it. The longer you wait, the more defined this layer becomes. This is the DNA pieces clumping together.
• Stick the wooden stirrer into the cup. Spin it in place so that cloudy layer spools around it. Remove the stirrer. Can you capture some of the stringy middle layer on your stirrer and remove it from the cup? The substance that you see on the stirrer is DNA!
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