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Cell Division - Coggle Diagram
Cell Division
Mitotic Cell Cycle
Definition of Mitosis
a type of cell division that results in two somatic daughter cells each having the same number and kind of chromosomes as the parent nucleus
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Meiotic Cell Cycle
Definition
a type of cell division that results in four daughter cells with half the number of chromosomes of the parent cell, which produces gametes and plant spores.
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Function of Meiosis
Serves to reduce the ploidy of the organism by half, producing four genetically diverse daughter cells which can combine with "opposite" sex cells to become zygotes
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Cell Cycle Regulation
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Key Ideas (4)
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Activated CDK initiates a sequence of metabolic events which 'check' to ensure a favourable environment for cell division
After CDK initiates the pathways, cyclin is hydrolyzed by a protease
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Gametogenesis
Spermatogenesis
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Both 2° spermatocytes (n) complete a second meiotic division to yield a total of 4 haploid spermatids (n)
Spermatids (n) differentiate into mature sperm (n) by developing a flagellum, an enzyme cap (acrosome) and shedding cytoplasm
Oogenesis
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Each month, a 1°oocyte (2n) completes the first meiotic division, followed by unequal cytokinesis, to yield a polar body (n) and a 2°oocyte (n)
Polar body may undergo meiosis II, but ultimately disintegrates
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Fertilization stimulates the 2°oocyte (n) to complete meiosis II forming an ootid (n) (which develops into an ovum) and polar body (n)
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