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LANGUAGE DEATH AND LANGUAGE LOSS - Coggle Diagram
LANGUAGE DEATH
AND LANGUAGE LOSS
LANGUAGE LOSS
cause
wide-scale of language death
eg: Annie facing language loss
she uses English for most purposes, her vocabulary in Dyirbal has shrunk
When she is talking to her grandmother she keeps finding herself substituting English words like cook in her Dyirbal, because she can’t remember the Dyirbal word
With the spread of a majority group language into more and more domains, the number of contexts in which individuals use the ethnic language diminishes
The language usually retreats till it is used only in the home, and finally it is restricted to such personal activities as counting, praying and dreaming.
The stylistic range that people acquire when they use a language in a wider range of domains disappears
Even in the contexts where the language is still used, there is a gradual reduction in the complexity and diversity of structural features of the language
In the wider community, the language may survive for ritual or ceremonial occasions, but those who use it in these contexts will be few in number and their fluency is often restricted to prayers and set speeches or incantations
In many Maori communities in New Zealand, for instance, the amount of Maori used in ceremonies is entirely dependent on the availability of respected elders who still retain some knowledge of the appropriate discourse
LANGUAGE DEATH
causes
the name of the language was given by outsiders
feud
urbanization of the population
political decision
when all the people speak a language die, the language dies with them
In 1992, when Tefvik Esenç died, so did the linguistically complex Caucasian language Ubykh
In Tasmania, the whole indigenous population of between 3000 and 4000 people was exterminated within seventy-five years.
Their languages died with them