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History Mindmap - Coggle Diagram
History Mindmap
Forces Driving Imperialism
What initiated interest
Economic, political, and social factors following the collapse of the slave trade as well as the industrial revolution. After the abolition of slavery in Europe, revenue in Europe started to take a dive, in search for new ways of getting revenue they realized that with their new industrial inventions, they could explore Africa and exploit it for money.
Causes
Materials
Some materials the Europeans wanted from Africa were copper, cotton, rubber, palm oil, cocoa, tea, and tin, because they had grown accustomed to them and were starting to run short of them.
Valuables (Gold and Diamonds)
In 1869, diamonds were discovered in Africa in abundant amounts. Later on, in 1886 Gold was discovered as well. The European market quickly rushed to invest and monopolize on this industry in Africa.
Belief that they were superior
The Europeans believed that they were the most fit race in the world, and that they had the right to invade whatever country they wanted. They believed invading countries and taking their resources was their duty.
Advanced technology
Because of the industrial revolution, the Europeans could explore Africa much more efficiently. Before, they couldn't cross the wild rivers and crazy forests but with new steam-powered inventions, excavation was a breeze. On top of that, they had also invented the first machine gun. This made warding off attackers and wars way easier for them.
Nationalism
Competition amongst the different European countries to be the best of the best drove them to invade Africa for more revenue and power.
How can the causes be grouped
Group 1: Industrial Revolution (Materials and advanced tech)
Group 2: Pride(Valuables, belief that they were superior, and nationalism)
What key people, inventions, or concepts led to competition between the different European nations?
Key people
David Livingstone went on a mission to introduce Christianity to Africa and ended up discovering its untapped potential for Europe and tried to share the "three C's" with Africa, commerce, Christianity, and civilization.
Henry Stanley was sent to Africa after Livingstone's supposed death. He ended up helping Belgium take over Congo. This began the competition for African land between Europe.
Inventions
The Maxim gun was the first ever machine gun. It was used to wipe out African tribes who stood in the way of the Europeans
The steam engine made it super easy for the Europeans to invade Africa through the odd terrain.
concepts
Christianity was spread throughout Africa by the Europeans to try and "better" Africa
The concept of Survival of the Fittest played a big role in the competition between European nations as every European nation was trying to become the fittest of the fit.
Background
Africa before the European Colinization
Egypt was developing while Kingdom of Ghana was rapidly improving its empire.
Africa prior to the 19th century
Africa before the 19th century is the same question as Africa before the European Colinization
Factors that prevented European countries from conquering the continent earlier
The Division of Africa
Consequences on the Continent
On the negative side, Africans lost control of their land and their independence. Many died of new diseases such as smallpox. They also lost thou-sands of their people in resisting the Europeans.
Africans also suffered from a breakdown of their traditional cultures. Traditional
authority figures were replaced.
Famines resulted from the change
to cash crops in place of subsistence agriculture.
The most harmful political legacy from the colonial period was the division of
the African continent.
Similarities and Differences with Nigeria, The Congo, South Africa, and Ethiopia
They all were targeted by the europeans for supply of workers and rare natural resources
Ethiopia was the only African Nation that successfully resisted the Europeans.
Key People Or Concepts
Ethiopia's victory was due to one man—Menelik II. He became emperor of Ethiopia in 1889. He successfully played Italians, French, and British against each other, all of whom were striving to bring Ethiopia into their spheres of influence.
Imperialism
In the earlier period, imperial
powers often did not penetrate far into the conquered areas in Asia and Africa.