Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
The Scramble for Africa: A New Imperialism - Coggle Diagram
The Scramble for Africa: A New Imperialism
Division of Africa
Congo
Belgium took Congo and forced the Congolese people to work long, hard hours in Rubber plantations
10 million Dead
South Africa
Boer War
The Dutch colonists (from 1600s), the Afrikaans (natives), and the invading British fought for the modern day South Africa
50,000 Dead
ZULU WAR
Shaka, the leader of the Zulu tribe, fought a bloody and brutal war against the British for parts of Southern Africa. Even though the British had guns and the Zulu tribes had only hand held weapons, the Zulu.
1000s Dead
The Zulu Culture and Tradition is heavily connected and circled around the wars between them and Europeans as well as other tribes during the European Imperialism.
Nigeria
Berlin Conference 1884-85
14 European Countries meet to find a peaceful way of colonizing Africa (No say from African nations/tribes)
They decide to do it first come first serve method which means that whichever country takes over the land first get that country.
Ethiopia
BACKGROUND
Preventing Factors for the Europeans
The African tribes were strong enough to fight off the invading European Armies
The time was best for the Europeans at that moments because the advanced countries of Europe controlled the production of manufactured goods.
European manufactured goods could be easily disposed of at a reasonable profit
What was Africa like prior to European Colonization?
The development of Infrastructure in Africa wasn’t going at a good pace.
There were countless small and big tribes, villages, empires, and kingdoms that spoke thousands of languages.
Forces Driving Imperialism
Main causes for imperialism in Africa
The need for new materials to fund, support, and supply the industrial revolution with. The need for raw materials such as gold, tin, iron, rubber, timber, copper, and petroleum to make new products
There was competition in Europe to acquire the most land in Africa which pushed many other countries to also get ahold on a piece of Africa that everyone was scrambling for.
The excess of raw products gave incentive for many people to collect land in Africa to build a huge profit off of things like gold and diamonds. This would make many people a lot wealthier
The opportunity and possibility for Europe to get land in Africa as there was many newer technologies to achieve that goal. More advanced weaponry was added to take care of any rebels and local tribes while the steam engine was implanted in boats to create steamboats and this allowed for many more people to explore Africa.
The "moral duty" that Europeans had was a cause for imperialism in Africa. They thought that since they were European they were better than the Africans and that they needed to "civilize" the "savages," They also wanted glory and to spread Christianity to other countries.
Why did people want to colonize Africa?
One reason people wanted to colonize Africa was because of the opportunity to collect precious materials to fund and supply the products in the industrial revolution.
Another reason that people wanted to colonize Africa was because of the competition between European rivals to collect parts of the continent. Each country wanted to be the one to get more land and this pushed every other European country to try harder and colonize more parts of Africa.
"Africa seemed to be out of harm’s way and had an abundance of raw materials from which Europe could make money from. Due to cheap labour of Africans, Europeans easily acquired products like oil, ivory, rubber, palm oil, wood, cotton and gum."
https://www.sahistory.org.za/article/grade-8-term-3-scramble-africa-late-19th-century
To spread political, cultural, economic, and social ideologies such as christianity, trading routes, weapon testing, slavery, and land.
What key people, inventions, or concepts led to competition between the different European nations?
Resources
Raw materials like rubber, timber, diamonds, and gold were found in Africa. These were some of the main resources that were of interest for Europeans Nations.
Land
Many European countries expanded their empires by establishing colonies in Africa so that they could exploit and export Africa's resources. .
Europeans also wanted to protect trade routes
Europeans wanted colonies in Central and East Africa for national pride, to spread their religion, and civilize the local indigenous people
Christanity and Islam now main religions in some countries for i.e: Nigeria