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Hypotheses, theories, models for plant structure and function, lead to,…

- - - - 1600s
      - Willow Tree
        
        5 years
        
        growth of tree
        
        from water not soil
        
        conclusion inaccurate
        
        but proved water was involved
        
        in growth of plants
    - - place lit candle inside closed jar
        
        flame went out
        
        air was 'injured'
      - place plant in jar with candle
        
        plants restore 'injured' air
        
        1774
    - - late 1770s
      - proved plants produce oxygen
      - experiment
        
        submerged plant
        
        placed in sunlight
        
        small bubbles produced
        
        shade
        
        bubbles not present
        
        plants use light to produce oxygen
    - - 1796
      - plants
        
        absorb carbon dioxide
        
        release oxygen with the help of sunligh
    - - 1840s
      - stated
        
        energy can neither be created or destroyed
      - proposed
        
        plants convert light energy -> chemical energy
    - - investigated
        
        how starch is produced under the influence of light
        
        relation to chlorophyll
    - - 1930s
      - proposed general equation
        
        CO2 + H2A + light energy -> [CH2O] +2A +H2O #
  - - - 6CO2 + 6H2O +solar energy -> 6O2 + C6H12O6
      - carbon dioxide + water -> oxygen + glucose
    - - to build oxygen and glucose
    - - chlorophyll
    - - light dependent
        
        energy
      - light independent
        
        no energy
- - - - Henry Horatio Dixon and Dr. John Joly
        
        date
        
        1894
        
        published 1914
        
        water ascent in trees
        
        transpiration pull
        
        in xylem
        
        Adhesive and cohesive forces
        
        through
        
        J-Tube experiment
        
        Previous theories tested
        
        gravitational
        
        gravitation lifting water
        
        Electrical
        
        atmospheric electricity might produce required field to lift water
        
        no experiments could support
        
        tensile film
        
        wtaer drawn up in tensile state
        
        over surfaces of walls
        
        in thin film
        
        1 more item...
    - - Renner
        
        1911, 1915
      - Curtis and Clark
        
        1951
      - Bonner and Galston
        
        1952
      - Gramer and Kozlowski
        
        1960
      - Scholander
  - - - though the xylem
      - against gravity
    - - between water molecules
        
        polar
        
        one end - slight positive charge
        
        other - slight negative charge
      - water molecules stick together #
        
        forms continous stream of water
    - - water and walls of xylem
      - water to rsie up sides
    - - results from
        
        continuous influx of water and ions from roots
    - - evaporation of water from leaves
        
        creating a suction pull of water
        
        up to stem from roots